Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) by country
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a...
Countries reporting
187
Highest
15.6%
Timor-Leste
Lowest
0.1%
Pakistan
Median
2.0%
Years covered
35
1991–2025
Data points
8,211
What the numbers show
Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) is currently reported for 187 countries. The highest value is 15.6% in Timor-Leste; the lowest is 0.1% in Pakistan.
The median across all reporting countries is 2.0%, and the mean is 2.4%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 159.
Over the past decade 136 countries rose and 51 fell. The largest increase was in Saudi Arabia (up 1,154.4%), and the largest decrease in Kyrgyzstan (down 86.8%).
Employers, female (% of female employment): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Timor-Leste | 15.6% | 2025 | up 4.2% | falling |
| 2 | Djibouti | 14.6% | 2025 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 3 | Azerbaijan | 13.1% | 2025 | up 49.2% | rising |
| 4 | Nigeria | 10.4% | 2025 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 5 | Sao Tome and Principe | 8.6% | 2025 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 6 | Tonga | 8.4% | 2025 | down 51.2% | falling |
| 7 | Uzbekistan | 8.3% | 2025 | up 5.4% | falling |
| 8 | Honduras | 7.2% | 2025 | up 47.7% | rising |
| 9 | Ghana | 6.8% | 2025 | up 59.2% | rising |
| 10 | Somalia | 6.2% | 2025 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 11 | Papua New Guinea | 6.0% | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 12 | Switzerland | 5.3% | 2025 | up 100.7% | rising |
| 13 | Namibia | 5.2% | 2025 | up 79.4% | rising |
| 14 | Lesotho | 4.7% | 2025 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 15 | Australia | 4.6% | 2025 | up 7.5% | falling |
| 16 | Greece | 4.4% | 2025 | down 3.0% | rising |
| 17 | Uganda | 4.2% | 2025 | up 304.3% | volatile |
| 18 | Croatia | 4.2% | 2025 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 19 | Angola | 4.1% | 2025 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 20 | Italy | 4.1% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 21 | New Zealand | 4.1% | 2025 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 22 | Guyana | 4.0% | 2025 | up 34.6% | rising |
| 23 | Suriname | 4.0% | 2025 | up 20.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Libya | 3.9% | 2025 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 25 | Lebanon | 3.6% | 2023 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 26 | Sierra Leone | 3.4% | 2025 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 27 | Central African Republic | 3.3% | 2025 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 28 | Morocco | 3.3% | 2025 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 29 | South Africa | 3.3% | 2025 | up 44.5% | falling |
| 30 | El Salvador | 3.2% | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 31 | Guinea | 3.2% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 32 | Tunisia | 3.2% | 2025 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 33 | Malaysia | 3.2% | 2025 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 34 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 3.2% | 2025 | up 98.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 3.2% | 2025 | up 20.6% | rising |
| 36 | Korea | 3.2% | 2025 | down 9.0% | rising |
| 37 | Mexico | 3.1% | 2025 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 38 | Cuba | 3.1% | 2025 | up 4.7% | volatile |
| 39 | Jamaica | 3.1% | 2025 | up 35.1% | rising |
| 40 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.1% | 2025 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 41 | Latvia | 3.0% | 2025 | up 23.9% | rising |
| 42 | Spain | 3.0% | 2025 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 43 | Brazil | 3.0% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 44 | France | 3.0% | 2025 | up 34.0% | rising |
| 45 | Portugal | 3.0% | 2025 | up 14.5% | falling |
| 46 | Eritrea | 2.9% | 2025 | up 14.1% | flat |
| 47 | Paraguay | 2.8% | 2025 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 48 | Nicaragua | 2.8% | 2025 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 49 | Equatorial Guinea | 2.8% | 2025 | up 13.0% | rising |
| 50 | Belize | 2.8% | 2025 | down 28.3% | rising |
| 51 | Cambodia | 2.8% | 2025 | up 23.1% | rising |
| 52 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2.8% | 2025 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 53 | United Arab Emirates | 2.7% | 2025 | up 87.2% | rising |
| 54 | Brunei Darussalam | 2.7% | 2025 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 55 | China | 2.7% | 2025 | up 32.8% | rising |
| 56 | Saudi Arabia | 2.7% | 2025 | up 1,154.4% | volatile |
| 57 | Luxembourg | 2.7% | 2025 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 58 | French Polynesia | 2.6% | 2025 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 59 | Bahrain | 2.6% | 2025 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 60 | Georgia | 2.6% | 2025 | up 102.6% | volatile |
| 61 | Iceland | 2.5% | 2025 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 62 | Madagascar | 2.5% | 2025 | up 29.1% | falling |
| 63 | Cape Verde | 2.5% | 2025 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 64 | Mongolia | 2.5% | 2025 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 65 | Poland | 2.5% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 66 | Albania | 2.5% | 2025 | up 150.4% | rising |
| 67 | Yemen | 2.4% | 2025 | up 7.2% | falling |
| 68 | Austria | 2.4% | 2025 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 69 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 2.4% | 2025 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 70 | Saint Lucia | 2.4% | 2025 | down 40.1% | falling |
| 71 | United States Virgin Islands | 2.4% | 2025 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 72 | Costa Rica | 2.4% | 2025 | up 36.9% | rising |
| 73 | North Macedonia | 2.3% | 2025 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 74 | Tajikistan | 2.3% | 2025 | up 1.6% | falling |
| 75 | Serbia | 2.3% | 2025 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 76 | Argentina | 2.3% | 2025 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 77 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.3% | 2025 | up 152.4% | rising |
| 78 | Estonia | 2.3% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 79 | New Caledonia | 2.3% | 2025 | up 266.1% | volatile |
| 80 | Guatemala | 2.2% | 2025 | down 14.1% | rising |
| 81 | Peru | 2.2% | 2025 | up 52.3% | rising |
| 82 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 2.2% | 2025 | up 8.5% | flat |
| 83 | Niger | 2.2% | 2025 | up 24.7% | rising |
| 84 | Guam | 2.2% | 2025 | up 17.7% | rising |
| 85 | Singapore | 2.1% | 2025 | down 38.2% | rising |
| 86 | Algeria | 2.1% | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 87 | Uruguay | 2.1% | 2025 | down 19.5% | rising |
| 88 | Eswatini | 2.1% | 2025 | up 30.3% | rising |
| 89 | Belgium | 2.1% | 2025 | up 25.3% | rising |
| 90 | Dominican Republic | 2.1% | 2025 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 91 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 2.1% | 2025 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 92 | South Sudan | 2.1% | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 93 | Palestine, State of | 2.0% | 2022 | up 24.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Ireland | 2.0% | 2025 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 95 | Channel Islands | 2.0% | 2025 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 96 | Germany | 2.0% | 2025 | down 2.6% | rising |
| 97 | Hungary | 2.0% | 2025 | up 45.1% | rising |
| 98 | Turkmenistan | 2.0% | 2025 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 99 | Colombia | 1.9% | 2025 | down 19.8% | flat |
| 100 | Macau, China | 1.9% | 2025 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 101 | Indonesia | 1.9% | 2025 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 102 | Canada | 1.9% | 2025 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 103 | Philippines | 1.9% | 2025 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 104 | Netherlands | 1.8% | 2025 | up 48.9% | rising |
| 105 | Slovenia | 1.8% | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 106 | Chile | 1.8% | 2025 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 107 | Türkiye | 1.7% | 2025 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 108 | Fiji | 1.7% | 2025 | up 51.5% | rising |
| 109 | Puerto Rico | 1.7% | 2025 | up 26.8% | rising |
| 110 | Zimbabwe | 1.7% | 2025 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 111 | Panama | 1.6% | 2025 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 112 | Thailand | 1.6% | 2025 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 113 | Montenegro | 1.6% | 2025 | down 2.0% | rising |
| 114 | Gambia | 1.6% | 2025 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 115 | Gabon | 1.6% | 2025 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 116 | Sweden | 1.6% | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 117 | Vanuatu | 1.6% | 2025 | up 47.3% | rising |
| 118 | Ecuador | 1.5% | 2025 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 119 | Malta | 1.5% | 2025 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 120 | Samoa | 1.5% | 2025 | up 6.3% | flat |
| 121 | Finland | 1.5% | 2025 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 122 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1.4% | 2025 | up 21.5% | rising |
| 123 | Botswana | 1.4% | 2025 | up 14.8% | falling |
| 124 | Haiti | 1.4% | 2025 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 125 | Israel | 1.4% | 2025 | down 8.5% | rising |
| 126 | Myanmar | 1.3% | 2025 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 127 | Sudan | 1.3% | 2022 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 128 | Czechia | 1.3% | 2025 | down 30.5% | falling |
| 129 | Bahamas | 1.3% | 2025 | up 22.1% | falling |
| 130 | Denmark | 1.3% | 2025 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 131 | Iraq | 1.2% | 2025 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 132 | Jordan | 1.2% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 133 | Burkina Faso | 1.2% | 2025 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 134 | Slovakia | 1.2% | 2025 | down 32.3% | rising |
| 135 | United States of America | 1.2% | 2025 | down 7.9% | falling |
| 136 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 1.1% | 2025 | up 23.7% | rising |
| 137 | Viet Nam | 1.1% | 2025 | down 43.1% | falling |
| 138 | Comoros | 1.1% | 2025 | up 26.8% | volatile |
| 139 | Egypt | 1.0% | 2025 | down 60.7% | volatile |
| 140 | Malawi | 1.0% | 2025 | up 37.2% | rising |
| 141 | Zambia | 1.0% | 2025 | up 60.0% | volatile |
| 142 | Liberia | 1.0% | 2025 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 143 | Maldives | 1.0% | 2025 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 144 | Mauritius | 1.0% | 2025 | down 33.7% | rising |
| 145 | Sri Lanka | 1.0% | 2025 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 146 | Rwanda | 1.0% | 2025 | up 57.1% | rising |
| 147 | Ukraine | 0.9% | 2021 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 148 | Cameroon | 0.9% | 2025 | down 53.7% | rising |
| 149 | Togo | 0.9% | 2025 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 150 | Cyprus | 0.9% | 2025 | down 0.5% | falling |
| 151 | Kazakhstan | 0.9% | 2025 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 152 | Hong Kong, China | 0.9% | 2025 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 153 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.9% | 2025 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 154 | Oman | 0.9% | 2025 | up 18.2% | rising |
| 155 | Kenya | 0.9% | 2025 | down 71.7% | volatile |
| 156 | Russian Federation | 0.8% | 2025 | down 1.2% | rising |
| 157 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.8% | 2025 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 158 | Mauritania | 0.8% | 2025 | up 12.7% | rising |
| 159 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.7% | 2025 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 160 | Kuwait | 0.7% | 2025 | up 168.5% | volatile |
| 161 | Romania | 0.7% | 2025 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 162 | Benin | 0.7% | 2025 | up 103.8% | rising |
| 163 | Lithuania | 0.7% | 2025 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 164 | Bangladesh | 0.7% | 2025 | down 16.9% | volatile |
| 165 | Mozambique | 0.6% | 2025 | down 54.4% | falling |
| 166 | Japan | 0.6% | 2025 | down 23.3% | falling |
| 167 | India | 0.6% | 2025 | up 37.7% | rising |
| 168 | Burundi | 0.6% | 2025 | up 99.6% | rising |
| 169 | Afghanistan | 0.6% | 2025 | up 11.4% | volatile |
| 170 | Senegal | 0.6% | 2025 | up 37.1% | rising |
| 171 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.6% | 2025 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 172 | Chad | 0.6% | 2025 | up 38.0% | rising |
| 173 | Nepal | 0.5% | 2025 | up 83.7% | volatile |
| 174 | Qatar | 0.5% | 2025 | up 65.5% | volatile |
| 175 | Barbados | 0.5% | 2025 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 176 | Solomon Islands | 0.5% | 2025 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 177 | Congo | 0.5% | 2025 | up 19.7% | rising |
| 178 | Norway | 0.4% | 2025 | up 24.0% | rising |
| 179 | Armenia | 0.4% | 2025 | up 868.6% | falling |
| 180 | Bhutan | 0.3% | 2025 | up 325.3% | volatile |
| 181 | Belarus | 0.3% | 2025 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 182 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.3% | 2025 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 183 | Mali | 0.2% | 2025 | up 85.1% | rising |
| 184 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.2% | 2025 | down 86.8% | falling |
| 185 | Ethiopia | 0.1% | 2025 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 186 | Republic of Moldova | 0.1% | 2025 | down 53.1% | falling |
| 187 | Pakistan | 0.1% | 2025 | down 6.7% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Africa Western and Central 6.5%
- Chagai 2.0%
- IDA blend 6.2%
- Pre-demographic dividend 4.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 3.9%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 3.9%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 3.9%
- Other small states 3.7%
- IDA total 3.3%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 3.3%
- Small states 3.2%
- Caribbean Small States 2.8%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 2.7%
- Euro area 2.7%
- Latin America & Caribbean 2.7%
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 2.7%
- European Union 2.5%
- Lower middle income 2.5%
- Middle income 2.5%
- Upper middle income 2.5%
- Late-demographic dividend 2.5%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 2.4%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 2.4%
- Low & middle income 2.4%
- East Asia & Pacific 2.4%
- IDA & IBRD total 2.4%
- World 2.3%
- Europe & Central Asia 2.2%
- Arab World 2.1%
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 2.1%
- IBRD only 2.1%
- Central Europe and the Baltics 2.0%
- OECD members 2.0%
- Africa Eastern and Southern 1.9%
- Post-demographic dividend 1.9%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 1.9%
- Low income 1.8%
- High income 1.8%
- IDA only 1.7%
- Least developed countries 1.6%
About this data
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).