Employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income
Lower middle income: Employers, female (% of female employment) was 2.5% in 2025. ▲ Rising
Employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
In 2025, employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income stood at 2.5%. That is the highest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of up 1.1% on the previous year and up 9.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income peaked at 2.5% in 2025 and was at its lowest, 2.1%, in 2005.
That places Lower middle income 17th out of 47 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 35 years of available data.
Employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 2.1% | — |
| 1992 | 2.1% | +2.2% |
| 1993 | 2.1% | -0.4% |
| 1994 | 2.1% | +1.2% |
| 1995 | 2.2% | +2.9% |
| 1996 | 2.2% | -1.2% |
| 1997 | 2.1% | -1.4% |
| 1998 | 2.1% | +0.0% |
| 1999 | 2.1% | +0.1% |
| 2000 | 2.1% | -2.6% |
| 2001 | 2.1% | +3.1% |
| 2002 | 2.1% | -2.0% |
| 2003 | 2.1% | -1.8% |
| 2004 | 2.1% | +0.5% |
| 2005 | 2.1% | -0.7% |
| 2006 | 2.1% | +0.2% |
| 2007 | 2.1% | +3.0% |
| 2008 | 2.1% | +0.8% |
| 2009 | 2.1% | +0.5% |
| 2010 | 2.2% | +1.2% |
| 2011 | 2.2% | +3.2% |
| 2012 | 2.3% | +2.5% |
| 2013 | 2.3% | -0.1% |
| 2014 | 2.3% | +1.1% |
| 2015 | 2.3% | -1.5% |
| 2016 | 2.3% | +0.2% |
| 2017 | 2.3% | +0.2% |
| 2018 | 2.4% | +3.7% |
| 2019 | 2.3% | -1.4% |
| 2020 | 2.5% | +6.3% |
| 2021 | 2.4% | -3.5% |
| 2022 | 2.5% | +2.3% |
| 2023 | 2.4% | -1.4% |
| 2024 | 2.5% | +1.7% |
| 2025 | 2.5% | +1.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 9 |
| 2000s | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.3% | 2.2% | 2.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.5% | 2.4% | 2.5% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Lower middle income
More work & labour data for Lower middle income
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 58.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 49.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 27.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 38.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 41.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 80.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 61.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 76.8% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 39.2% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 53.7% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income?
- Employers, female (% of female employment) in Lower middle income was 2.5% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest employers, female (% of female employment) recorded in Lower middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 2.5% in 2025.
- What is the lowest employers, female (% of female employment) recorded in Lower middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.1% in 2005.
- How does Lower middle income rank for employers, female (% of female employment)?
- Lower middle income ranks 17th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is employers, female (% of female employment) rising or falling in Lower middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 9.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 35 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).