Informal employment, female (% of total female non-agricultural employment) by country
This indicator shows the share of workers at working age in informal employment in non-agricultural activities out of total employment in non-agricultural activities, expressed as a percentage. Informal employment comprises workers whose main or secondary jobs are informal. For own-account workers and employers,...
What the numbers show
Informal employment, female (% of total female non-agricultural employment) is currently reported for 45 countries. The highest value is 93.9% in Angola; the lowest is 0.9% in Switzerland.
The median across all reporting countries is 5.2%, and the mean is 19.9%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 103.
Over the past decade 18 countries rose and 22 fell. The largest increase was in Hungary (up 371.0%), and the largest decrease in Finland (down 69.8%).
Informal employment, female: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Angola | 93.9% | 2025 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 2 | Rwanda | 80.0% | 2025 | up 16.0% | rising |
| 3 | Zimbabwe | 70.3% | 2024 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 4 | Botswana | 69.0% | 2024 | up 2.0% | flat |
| 5 | Zambia | 67.7% | 2024 | down 6.3% | flat |
| 6 | El Salvador | 57.6% | 2024 | — | falling |
| 7 | Panama | 49.8% | 2025 | up 24.1% | rising |
| 8 | Viet Nam | 47.8% | 2024 | — | flat |
| 9 | Jordan | 45.9% | 2024 | up 31.3% | rising |
| 10 | Costa Rica | 32.6% | 2025 | down 25.3% | falling |
| 11 | Brazil | 32.0% | 2025 | down 2.7% | flat |
| 12 | Uruguay | 30.5% | 2025 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 13 | Chile | 27.5% | 2025 | down 31.4% | falling |
| 14 | Georgia | 19.5% | 2024 | — | flat |
| 15 | Russian Federation | 17.5% | 2025 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 16 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 17.2% | 2018 | — | rising |
| 17 | Mongolia | 16.1% | 2025 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 18 | Italy | 10.8% | 2024 | up 169.4% | rising |
| 19 | Armenia | 9.4% | 2024 | down 41.6% | falling |
| 20 | Hungary | 6.8% | 2020 | up 371.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Latvia | 6.8% | 2024 | up 119.0% | volatile |
| 22 | Slovakia | 6.2% | 2024 | down 30.6% | falling |
| 23 | Denmark | 5.2% | 2019 | down 19.3% | falling |
| 24 | Portugal | 5.1% | 2024 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 25 | Luxembourg | 4.8% | 2024 | up 228.0% | volatile |
| 26 | Czechia | 4.5% | 2024 | down 66.8% | falling |
| 27 | Greece | 4.4% | 2024 | down 24.8% | falling |
| 28 | Republic of Moldova | 4.4% | 2025 | down 33.0% | falling |
| 29 | Netherlands | 4.2% | 2024 | down 54.2% | falling |
| 30 | Lithuania | 4.1% | 2024 | up 276.5% | volatile |
| 31 | Croatia | 4.0% | 2024 | up 68.3% | rising |
| 32 | Estonia | 3.9% | 2024 | up 158.4% | volatile |
| 33 | Serbia | 3.9% | 2025 | — | falling |
| 34 | Spain | 3.7% | 2024 | down 17.2% | flat |
| 35 | Austria | 3.6% | 2024 | up 184.5% | volatile |
| 36 | France | 3.5% | 2024 | down 51.8% | falling |
| 37 | Belgium | 3.3% | 2024 | down 27.0% | falling |
| 38 | Slovenia | 3.2% | 2024 | down 2.2% | falling |
| 39 | Ireland | 3.2% | 2024 | down 19.4% | falling |
| 40 | Sweden | 3.1% | 2024 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 41 | Bulgaria | 2.8% | 2024 | down 29.0% | rising |
| 42 | Cyprus | 2.6% | 2024 | down 68.9% | falling |
| 43 | Norway | 1.7% | 2024 | down 53.1% | falling |
| 44 | Finland | 1.5% | 2024 | down 69.8% | falling |
| 45 | Switzerland | 0.9% | 2024 | up 13.6% | falling |
About this data
This indicator shows the share of workers at working age in informal employment in non-agricultural activities out of total employment in non-agricultural activities, expressed as a percentage. Informal employment comprises workers whose main or secondary jobs are informal. For own-account workers and employers, informality is determined by enterprise characteristics (unincorporated, market-based, and unregistered); for contributing family workers, it is determined by the absence of written contracts and lack of coverage under labor legislation; and for employees, it is determined by whether the employment relationship is not subject to national labor legislation, income taxation, or social protection. The data are based on the statistical standards adopted by the 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS).