Informal employment, male (% of total male non-agricultural employment) by country
This indicator shows the share of workers at working age in informal employment in non-agricultural activities out of total employment in non-agricultural activities, expressed as a percentage. Informal employment comprises workers whose main or secondary jobs are informal. For own-account workers and employers,...
What the numbers show
Informal employment, male (% of total male non-agricultural employment) is currently reported for 45 countries. The highest value is 86.1% in Angola; the lowest is 1.1% in Switzerland.
The median across all reporting countries is 8.3%, and the mean is 21.4%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 76.
Over the past decade 17 countries rose and 23 fell. The largest increase was in Hungary (up 829.4%), and the largest decrease in Czechia (down 85.9%).
Informal employment, male: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Angola | 86.1% | 2025 | up 28.8% | rising |
| 2 | Rwanda | 78.3% | 2025 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 3 | Botswana | 70.0% | 2024 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 4 | Zimbabwe | 69.5% | 2024 | down 5.1% | falling |
| 5 | Viet Nam | 56.3% | 2024 | — | falling |
| 6 | Jordan | 54.7% | 2024 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 7 | Zambia | 53.9% | 2024 | down 6.5% | flat |
| 8 | El Salvador | 52.3% | 2024 | — | flat |
| 9 | Panama | 50.7% | 2025 | up 20.6% | rising |
| 10 | Costa Rica | 34.6% | 2025 | up 4.3% | flat |
| 11 | Brazil | 32.9% | 2025 | down 2.1% | flat |
| 12 | Uruguay | 32.0% | 2025 | up 32.6% | rising |
| 13 | Georgia | 31.2% | 2024 | — | rising |
| 14 | Armenia | 26.4% | 2024 | down 32.0% | falling |
| 15 | Chile | 23.5% | 2025 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 16 | Mongolia | 21.7% | 2025 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 17 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 21.6% | 2018 | — | rising |
| 18 | Russian Federation | 17.8% | 2025 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 19 | Republic of Moldova | 16.1% | 2025 | down 9.8% | flat |
| 20 | Italy | 10.7% | 2024 | up 284.4% | rising |
| 21 | Latvia | 10.3% | 2024 | up 107.3% | volatile |
| 22 | Hungary | 9.4% | 2020 | up 829.4% | volatile |
| 23 | Serbia | 8.3% | 2025 | — | falling |
| 24 | Estonia | 7.2% | 2024 | up 226.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Denmark | 7.0% | 2019 | down 49.8% | falling |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 7.0% | 2024 | up 813.5% | volatile |
| 27 | Netherlands | 6.5% | 2024 | down 53.5% | falling |
| 28 | Slovakia | 6.4% | 2024 | down 67.7% | falling |
| 29 | Portugal | 5.3% | 2024 | down 20.7% | flat |
| 30 | Croatia | 5.3% | 2024 | up 247.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Lithuania | 4.6% | 2024 | up 441.5% | volatile |
| 32 | Slovenia | 4.3% | 2024 | down 14.2% | flat |
| 33 | Sweden | 4.3% | 2024 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 34 | Ireland | 4.3% | 2024 | down 22.7% | falling |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 4.2% | 2024 | down 37.9% | falling |
| 36 | Spain | 4.0% | 2024 | down 26.4% | falling |
| 37 | France | 3.8% | 2024 | down 21.8% | falling |
| 38 | Austria | 3.1% | 2024 | up 189.4% | volatile |
| 39 | Greece | 3.0% | 2024 | down 13.8% | flat |
| 40 | Czechia | 2.9% | 2024 | down 85.9% | falling |
| 41 | Belgium | 2.9% | 2024 | down 36.6% | falling |
| 42 | Cyprus | 2.5% | 2024 | down 78.8% | falling |
| 43 | Norway | 2.3% | 2024 | down 57.7% | falling |
| 44 | Finland | 2.2% | 2024 | down 73.1% | volatile |
| 45 | Switzerland | 1.1% | 2024 | up 181.0% | rising |
About this data
This indicator shows the share of workers at working age in informal employment in non-agricultural activities out of total employment in non-agricultural activities, expressed as a percentage. Informal employment comprises workers whose main or secondary jobs are informal. For own-account workers and employers, informality is determined by enterprise characteristics (unincorporated, market-based, and unregistered); for contributing family workers, it is determined by the absence of written contracts and lack of coverage under labor legislation; and for employees, it is determined by whether the employment relationship is not subject to national labor legislation, income taxation, or social protection. The data are based on the statistical standards adopted by the 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS).