LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income: LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment was 12.46 in 2027. ▲ Rising
LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income, 2005–2027
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
In 2027, lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income stood at 12.46.
That represents a change of up 0.8% on the previous year and down 8.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income peaked at 14.96 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 11.33, in 2007.
That places Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income 29th out of 87 groups with data for 2027, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 23 years of available data.
LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 12.16 | — |
| 2006 | 11.78 | -3.1% |
| 2007 | 11.33 | -3.9% |
| 2008 | 11.38 | +0.5% |
| 2009 | 13.76 | +20.9% |
| 2010 | 13.07 | -5.0% |
| 2011 | 12.53 | -4.1% |
| 2012 | 12.46 | -0.6% |
| 2013 | 12.68 | +1.8% |
| 2014 | 13.29 | +4.8% |
| 2015 | 13.54 | +1.9% |
| 2016 | 13.74 | +1.5% |
| 2017 | 13.6 | -1.0% |
| 2018 | 13.3 | -2.2% |
| 2019 | 14.39 | +8.2% |
| 2020 | 14.96 | +4.0% |
| 2021 | 14.22 | -4.9% |
| 2022 | 13.2 | -7.2% |
| 2023 | 12.65 | -4.2% |
| 2024 | 12.38 | -2.2% |
| 2025 | 12.31 | -0.6% |
| 2026 | 12.37 | +0.5% |
| 2027 | 12.46 | +0.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 12.08 | 11.33 | 13.76 | 5 |
| 2010s | 13.26 | 12.46 | 14.39 | 10 |
| 2020s | 13.07 | 12.31 | 14.96 | 8 |
Countries ranked near Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
More work & labour data for Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 91,728 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 56.7 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 70,047 (2027)
- Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 7.97 (2027)
- Labour dependency ratio 1.38 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 72,671 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 25,874 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 52.18 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 0.5908 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 0.5777 % change on previous year (2027)
Frequently asked questions
- What is lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- Lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income was 12.46 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment recorded in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 14.96 in 2020.
- What is the lowest lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment recorded in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 11.33 in 2007.
- How does Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income rank for lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment?
- Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income ranks 29th out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
- Is lu2: combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment rising or falling in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 8.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment (ILO modelled estimates). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 23 observations, free to reuse under ILO Terms of Use (attribution required).
About this data
Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. LU2 represents the share of the labour force that are either in unemployment or time-related underemployment. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.