Unemployment rates by citizenship by country

Countries reporting
36
Highest
17.9%
Montenegro
Lowest
2.8%
Czechia
Median
6.0%
Years covered
31
1995–2025
Data points
1,032

What the numbers show

Unemployment rates by citizenship is currently reported for 36 countries. The highest value is 17.9% in Montenegro; the lowest is 2.8% in Czechia.

The median across all reporting countries is 6.0%, and the mean is 6.5%.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 6.

Over the past decade 7 countries rose and 27 fell. The largest increase was in Sweden (up 18.9%), and the largest decrease in Cyprus (down 70.7%).

Unemployment rates by citizenship: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Montenegro 17.9% 2020 down 9.1% falling
2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 12.2% 2025 falling
3 North Macedonia 11.5% 2025 down 55.9% falling
4 Spain 10.5% 2025 down 52.5% falling
5 Finland 9.7% 2025 up 3.2% falling
6 Greece 8.9% 2025 down 64.3% rising
7 Sweden 8.8% 2025 up 18.9% flat
8 Serbia 8.7% 2025 down 51.1% falling
9 Türkiye 8.4% 2025 down 18.4% rising
10 France 7.7% 2025 down 26.0% falling
11 Estonia 7.5% 2025 up 17.2% falling
12 Latvia 6.9% 2025 down 30.3% falling
12 Lithuania 6.9% 2025 down 24.2% falling
14 Luxembourg 6.5% 2025 down 3.0% rising
15 Denmark 6.4% 2025 up 1.6% rising
16 Belgium 6.2% 2025 down 27.1% falling
17 Italy 6.1% 2025 down 48.7% falling
17 Romania 6.1% 2025 down 10.3% falling
19 Portugal 6.0% 2025 down 52.4% rising
20 Austria 5.7% 2025 unchanged rising
21 Slovakia 5.4% 2025 down 53.0% falling
22 Croatia 4.9% 2025 down 69.8% falling
22 Switzerland 4.9% 2025 up 2.1% rising
24 Ireland 4.7% 2025 down 53.0% falling
25 Norway 4.5% 2025 up 4.7% falling
25 Iceland 4.5% 2025 up 12.5% rising
27 Hungary 4.4% 2025 down 35.3% falling
27 Cyprus 4.4% 2025 down 70.7% volatile
29 Netherlands 3.9% 2025 down 43.5% falling
29 Slovenia 3.9% 2025 down 56.7% falling
31 United Kingdom 3.8% 2019 down 50.0% falling
31 Germany 3.8% 2025 down 17.4% falling
33 Bulgaria 3.5% 2025 down 62.0% falling
34 Malta 3.1% 2025 down 42.6% falling
34 Poland 3.1% 2025 down 58.7% volatile
36 Czechia 2.8% 2025 down 45.1% falling

About this data

Indicator
Unemployment rates by citizenship
Unit
Percentage
Source
Eurostat
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Eurostat)
Coverage
38 places, 1,032 data points, 1995–2025
Last refreshed