SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment … previous in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income: SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment … previous was 26.1 in 2027. ▼ Falling
SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment in total in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income, 2004–2027
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
In 2027, sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income stood at 26.1. That is the lowest value across all 24 years on record.
The figure is down 0.9% on the previous year and down 15.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income peaked at 37.44 in 2004 and was at its lowest, 26.1, in 2027.
Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income ranks 63rd of 87 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 24 years of available data.
SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment … previous in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 37.44 | — |
| 2005 | 36.72 | -1.9% |
| 2006 | 36.06 | -1.8% |
| 2007 | 35.27 | -2.2% |
| 2008 | 34.09 | -3.4% |
| 2009 | 34.32 | +0.7% |
| 2010 | 34.97 | +1.9% |
| 2011 | 34.62 | -1.0% |
| 2012 | 33.45 | -3.4% |
| 2013 | 32.64 | -2.4% |
| 2014 | 32.11 | -1.6% |
| 2015 | 31.51 | -1.9% |
| 2016 | 31.45 | -0.2% |
| 2017 | 31.01 | -1.4% |
| 2018 | 30.3 | -2.3% |
| 2019 | 30.16 | -0.5% |
| 2020 | 28.36 | -5.9% |
| 2021 | 28 | -1.3% |
| 2022 | 27.15 | -3.0% |
| 2023 | 26.51 | -2.3% |
| 2024 | 26.68 | +0.6% |
| 2025 | 26.57 | -0.4% |
| 2026 | 26.34 | -0.9% |
| 2027 | 26.1 | -0.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 35.65 | 34.09 | 37.44 | 6 |
| 2010s | 32.22 | 30.16 | 34.97 | 10 |
| 2020s | 26.96 | 26.1 | 28.36 | 8 |
Countries ranked near Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
More work & labour data for Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 91,728 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 56.7 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 70,047 (2027)
- Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 7.97 (2027)
- Labour dependency ratio 1.38 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 72,671 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 25,874 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 52.18 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 0.5908 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 0.5777 % change on previous year (2027)
Frequently asked questions
- What is sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- Sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income was 26.1 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total recorded in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 37.44 in 2004.
- What is the lowest sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total recorded in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 26.1 in 2027.
- How does Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income rank for sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total?
- Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income ranks 63rd out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
- Is sdg indicator 8.3.1: proportion of informal employment in total rising or falling in Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 15.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment in total employment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 24 observations, free to reuse under ILO Terms of Use (attribution required).
About this data
Data may differ from nationally reported figures and the Global SDG Indicators Database due to differences in sources and/or reference years. This indicator conveys the share of informal employment in total employment. Employment comprises all persons of working age who, during a specified brief period, were either in paid employment (whether at work or with a job but not at work) or in self-employment (whether at work or with an enterprise but not at work). Informal employment comprises persons who in their main or secondary jobs were (a) own-account workers, employers and members of producers' cooperatives employed in their own informal sector enterprises; (b) own-account workers engaged in the production of goods exclusively for own final use by their household (e.g. subsistence farming); (c) contributing family workers, regardless of whether they work in formal or informal sector enterprises; or (d) employees holding informal jobs, whether employed by formal sector enterprises, informal sector enterprises, or as paid domestic workers by households. Data disaggregated by economic activity are provided according to the latest version of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) available for that year. Data may have been regrouped from national classifications, which may not be strictly compatible with ISIC. For more information, refer to the Labour Market-related SDG Indicators (ILOSDG) database description.