Labour force by citizenship by country
Countries reporting
35
Highest
44,004
Germany
Lowest
236.2
Iceland
Median
3,120
Years covered
31
1995–2025
Data points
1,033
What the numbers show
Labour force by citizenship is currently reported for 35 countries. The highest value is 44,004 in Germany; the lowest is 236.2 in Iceland.
The median across all reporting countries is 3,120, and the mean is 7,683.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 186.
Over the past decade 28 countries rose and 6 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 61.9%), and the largest decrease in North Macedonia (down 16.5%).
Labour force by citizenship: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 44,004 | 2025 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 33,796 | 2019 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 3 | France | 31,782 | 2025 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 4 | Italy | 25,629 | 2025 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 5 | Spain | 24,811 | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 6 | Poland | 17,745 | 2025 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 7 | Netherlands | 10,229 | 2025 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 8 | Romania | 8,190 | 2025 | down 10.6% | falling |
| 9 | Sweden | 5,773 | 2025 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 10 | Portugal | 5,582 | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 11 | Belgium | 5,478 | 2025 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 12 | Czechia | 5,378 | 2025 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 13 | Switzerland | 5,086 | 2025 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 14 | Hungary | 4,885 | 2025 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 15 | Austria | 4,758 | 2025 | up 8.5% | rising |
| 16 | Greece | 4,752 | 2025 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 17 | Denmark | 3,282 | 2025 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 18 | Serbia | 3,120 | 2025 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 19 | Norway | 3,039 | 2025 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 20 | Bulgaria | 3,028 | 2025 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 21 | Ireland | 2,934 | 2025 | up 29.1% | rising |
| 22 | Finland | 2,868 | 2025 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 23 | Slovak Republic | 2,755 | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 24 | Croatia | 1,786 | 2025 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 25 | Lithuania | 1,566 | 2025 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 26 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,421 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 27 | Slovenia | 1,034 | 2025 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 28 | Latvia | 948.9 | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 29 | North Macedonia | 795.8 | 2025 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 30 | Estonia | 749.3 | 2025 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 31 | Cyprus | 524.6 | 2025 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 32 | Luxembourg | 350.2 | 2025 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 33 | Malta | 338.7 | 2025 | up 61.9% | rising |
| 34 | Montenegro | 266.6 | 2020 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 35 | Iceland | 236.2 | 2025 | up 23.5% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Türkiye 35,377