Youth time-related underemployment rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) (15-29) by country
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have...
What the numbers show
Youth time-related underemployment rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) (15-29) is currently reported for 79 countries. The highest value is 22.5 in Ecuador; the lowest is 0.056 in Jordan.
The median across all reporting countries is 3.89, and the mean is 5.25.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 402.
Over the past decade 25 countries rose and 53 fell. The largest increase was in Ghana (up 5,290.0%), and the largest decrease in Jordan (down 97.8%).
Youth time-related underemployment rate (previous ILO definition): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ecuador | 22.5 | 2025 | up 79.7% | rising |
| 2 | Rwanda | 19.26 | 2025 | down 51.7% | falling |
| 3 | Armenia | 14.21 | 2017 | up 19.4% | rising |
| 4 | Ireland | 14.15 | 2024 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 5 | Netherlands | 13.49 | 2024 | up 35.2% | volatile |
| 6 | Finland | 12.8 | 2024 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 7 | Uruguay | 12.49 | 2025 | up 24.8% | flat |
| 8 | Australia | 11.43 | 2025 | down 40.9% | falling |
| 9 | Spain | 11.25 | 2024 | down 42.7% | rising |
| 10 | Sweden | 10.85 | 2024 | up 0.4% | rising |
| 11 | France | 10.57 | 2024 | down 24.8% | rising |
| 12 | Denmark | 9.98 | 2024 | up 46.9% | volatile |
| 13 | Guatemala | 9.83 | 2024 | up 38.9% | falling |
| 14 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 8.95 | 2025 | up 169.1% | falling |
| 15 | Chile | 8.79 | 2025 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 16 | Iceland | 8.5 | 2023 | down 17.4% | rising |
| 17 | Portugal | 7.97 | 2024 | down 37.3% | volatile |
| 18 | Guyana | 7.2 | 2024 | down 42.5% | falling |
| 19 | Indonesia | 7.14 | 2023 | up 49.2% | rising |
| 20 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 7.08 | 2019 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 21 | Belgium | 7.05 | 2024 | down 5.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Peru | 6.46 | 2025 | up 62.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Malta | 6.4 | 2024 | up 18.3% | falling |
| 24 | Panama | 6.34 | 2025 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 25 | Luxembourg | 6.34 | 2024 | up 70.3% | volatile |
| 26 | Slovenia | 6.34 | 2024 | down 43.0% | rising |
| 27 | Philippines | 6.29 | 2023 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 28 | Serbia | 6.24 | 2020 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 29 | Norway | 6.13 | 2024 | down 4.9% | rising |
| 30 | Cyprus | 5.95 | 2024 | down 66.8% | volatile |
| 31 | Ghana | 5.93 | 2024 | up 5,290.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Colombia | 5.27 | 2025 | down 32.1% | falling |
| 33 | Zimbabwe | 5.22 | 2024 | down 67.7% | falling |
| 34 | Switzerland | 5.22 | 2025 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 35 | Brazil | 5.2 | 2025 | down 10.5% | rising |
| 36 | South Africa | 5.16 | 2024 | up 9.7% | flat |
| 37 | Uganda | 4.87 | 2021 | down 83.5% | volatile |
| 38 | Belize | 4.36 | 2017 | — | flat |
| 39 | Honduras | 4.04 | 2025 | down 73.8% | rising |
| 40 | Greece | 3.89 | 2025 | down 71.7% | rising |
| 41 | Austria | 3.74 | 2025 | down 29.5% | rising |
| 42 | El Salvador | 3.62 | 2025 | down 46.2% | falling |
| 43 | Brunei Darussalam | 3.59 | 2024 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 44 | Zambia | 3.52 | 2024 | down 83.2% | volatile |
| 45 | Italy | 3.51 | 2024 | down 48.7% | rising |
| 46 | Georgia | 3.51 | 2025 | down 50.7% | falling |
| 47 | Republic of Korea | 3.24 | 2025 | up 87.3% | rising |
| 48 | Estonia | 2.8 | 2024 | up 163.8% | flat |
| 49 | Bangladesh | 2.66 | 2024 | up 28.1% | rising |
| 50 | Palestine, State of | 2.62 | 2022 | down 67.5% | falling |
| 51 | Croatia | 2.51 | 2024 | down 56.2% | falling |
| 52 | Mali | 2.43 | 2024 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 53 | Latvia | 2.42 | 2024 | down 30.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Sri Lanka | 2.42 | 2024 | up 2.7% | falling |
| 55 | Togo | 2.41 | 2017 | down 27.9% | volatile |
| 56 | Costa Rica | 2.25 | 2025 | down 80.1% | falling |
| 57 | Viet Nam | 2.19 | 2024 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 58 | Dominican Republic | 2 | 2025 | down 65.8% | volatile |
| 59 | Paraguay | 1.89 | 2017 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Lithuania | 1.76 | 2024 | down 22.1% | volatile |
| 61 | Czechia | 1.67 | 2024 | up 122.3% | volatile |
| 62 | Senegal | 1.65 | 2024 | up 49.0% | rising |
| 63 | Türkiye | 1.63 | 2013 | up 89.9% | rising |
| 64 | Poland | 1.59 | 2025 | down 50.4% | falling |
| 65 | Germany | 1.5 | 2024 | down 63.8% | falling |
| 66 | Angola | 1.4 | 2025 | down 83.5% | volatile |
| 67 | Romania | 1.09 | 2024 | down 80.7% | falling |
| 68 | Republic of Moldova | 1.03 | 2025 | down 72.1% | falling |
| 69 | Belarus | 0.985 | 2024 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 70 | Hungary | 0.961 | 2024 | down 62.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Egypt | 0.881 | 2024 | down 86.8% | volatile |
| 72 | United States of America | 0.862 | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 73 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.724 | 2025 | down 89.6% | volatile |
| 74 | Bulgaria | 0.716 | 2024 | down 62.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Thailand | 0.497 | 2025 | down 31.2% | falling |
| 76 | Pakistan | 0.379 | 2025 | down 46.2% | flat |
| 77 | Cambodia | 0.378 | 2023 | down 65.3% | volatile |
| 78 | Mongolia | 0.192 | 2024 | down 79.6% | falling |
| 79 | Jordan | 0.056 | 2024 | down 97.8% | volatile |
About this data
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have implemented the 19th ICLS standards, for which data are also available in the Work Statistics -- 19th ICLS (WORK) database. The time-related underemployment rate conveys the number of persons in time-related underemployment as a percent of the total number of persons in employment. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For more information, refer to the Rural and Urban Labour Market Statistics (RURBAN) database description.