Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income
Low & middle income: Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) was 49.2% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
Low & middle income recorded 49.2% for vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in 2025. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.4% on the previous year and down 2.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income peaked at 57.9% in 1991 and was at its lowest, 49.2%, in 2025.
That places Low & middle income 17th out of 47 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 57.9% | — |
| 1992 | 57.7% | -0.3% |
| 1993 | 57.5% | -0.3% |
| 1994 | 57.2% | -0.5% |
| 1995 | 57.0% | -0.4% |
| 1996 | 56.7% | -0.5% |
| 1997 | 56.3% | -0.7% |
| 1998 | 56.3% | -0.0% |
| 1999 | 56.1% | -0.3% |
| 2000 | 56.0% | -0.3% |
| 2001 | 55.6% | -0.7% |
| 2002 | 55.3% | -0.5% |
| 2003 | 55.1% | -0.3% |
| 2004 | 54.6% | -1.0% |
| 2005 | 54.1% | -0.9% |
| 2006 | 53.7% | -0.7% |
| 2007 | 53.3% | -0.7% |
| 2008 | 53.0% | -0.6% |
| 2009 | 52.8% | -0.4% |
| 2010 | 52.5% | -0.6% |
| 2011 | 51.9% | -1.1% |
| 2012 | 51.3% | -1.2% |
| 2013 | 51.1% | -0.4% |
| 2014 | 50.8% | -0.6% |
| 2015 | 50.4% | -0.8% |
| 2016 | 50.2% | -0.4% |
| 2017 | 50.0% | -0.4% |
| 2018 | 49.8% | -0.5% |
| 2019 | 49.8% | -0.0% |
| 2020 | 50.5% | +1.5% |
| 2021 | 50.2% | -0.5% |
| 2022 | 50.2% | -0.1% |
| 2023 | 49.6% | -1.1% |
| 2024 | 49.3% | -0.5% |
| 2025 | 49.2% | -0.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 57.0% | 56.1% | 57.9% | 9 |
| 2000s | 54.3% | 52.8% | 56.0% | 10 |
| 2010s | 50.8% | 49.8% | 52.5% | 10 |
| 2020s | 49.8% | 49.2% | 50.5% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Low & middle income
More work & labour data for Low & middle income
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 74.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 79.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 52.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 42.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 50.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 33.9% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 61.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 65.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 47.6% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 67.0% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income?
- Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) in Low & middle income was 49.2% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) recorded in Low & middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 57.9% in 1991.
- What is the lowest vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) recorded in Low & middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 49.2% in 2025.
- How does Low & middle income rank for vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment)?
- Low & middle income ranks 17th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) rising or falling in Low & middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 2.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Low & middle income data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.