Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) in European Union 28
European Union 28: Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) was 3.75 in 2027. ▼ Falling
Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) in European Union 28, 2005–2027
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
In 2027, time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in European Union 28 stood at 3.75.
That represents a change of up 0.2% on the previous year and down 23.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in European Union 28 peaked at 6.19 in 2013 and was at its lowest, 3.41, in 2005.
European Union 28 ranks 60th of 87 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 23 years of available data.
Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) in European Union 28, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 3.41 | — |
| 2006 | 3.57 | +4.7% |
| 2007 | 3.78 | +5.7% |
| 2008 | 4.61 | +22.1% |
| 2009 | 5.4 | +17.1% |
| 2010 | 5.51 | +2.0% |
| 2011 | 5.39 | -2.1% |
| 2012 | 5.81 | +7.8% |
| 2013 | 6.19 | +6.6% |
| 2014 | 5.96 | -3.7% |
| 2015 | 5.59 | -6.2% |
| 2016 | 5.19 | -7.2% |
| 2017 | 4.88 | -5.9% |
| 2018 | 4.4 | -9.9% |
| 2019 | 4.2 | -4.6% |
| 2020 | 5.02 | +19.5% |
| 2021 | 4.5 | -10.4% |
| 2022 | 3.95 | -12.1% |
| 2023 | 3.81 | -3.6% |
| 2024 | 3.72 | -2.4% |
| 2025 | 3.73 | +0.4% |
| 2026 | 3.75 | +0.3% |
| 2027 | 3.75 | +0.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 4.15 | 3.41 | 5.4 | 5 |
| 2010s | 5.31 | 4.2 | 6.19 | 10 |
| 2020s | 4.03 | 3.72 | 5.02 | 8 |
Countries ranked near European Union 28
- 57 Ghana 7.23 compare
- 58 Philippines 7.14 compare
- 59 Guinea 7.02 compare
- 60 Chad 6.91 compare
- 61 Turkey 6.91 compare
- 62 Madagascar 6.88 compare
- 63 Switzerland 6.8 compare
More work & labour data for European Union 28
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 254,923 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 57.21 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 190,645 (2027)
- Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 5.68 (2027)
- Labour dependency ratio 1.16 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 121,951 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 82,196 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 53.96 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 0.8736 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.3826 % change on previous year (2027)
Frequently asked questions
- What is time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in European Union 28?
- Time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in European Union 28 was 3.75 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in European Union 28?
- The highest recorded value was 6.19 in 2013.
- What is the lowest time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in European Union 28?
- The lowest recorded value was 3.41 in 2005.
- How does European Union 28 rank for time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates)?
- European Union 28 ranks 60th out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
- Is time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) rising or falling in European Union 28?
- Over the last ten years it is down 23.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this European Union 28 data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) (15+). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. The time-related underemployment rate conveys the number of persons in time-related underemployment as a percent of the total number of persons in employment. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.