Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in World

World: Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) was 179,385 in 2027. ▲ Rising

Latest (2027)
179,385
Change on year
up 1.3%
Rank
1st
of 87 groups
All-time high
185,651
in 2020
All-time low
137,161
in 2005
Years of data
23
2005–2027

Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in World, 2005–2027

050.0k100.0k150.0k200.0k2005201620272005: 137.2k2006: 137.9k2007: 139.4k2008: 143.4k2009: 152.5k2010: 152.4k2011: 152.1k2012: 156.5k2013: 157.8k2014: 158.3k2015: 161.2k2016: 163.6k2017: 168.4k2018: 165.0k2019: 166.9k2020: 185.7k2021: 185.2k2022: 172.9k2023: 170.3k2024: 172.1k2025: 174.5k2026: 177.0k2027: 179.4k

Source: International Labour Organization.

Analysis

World recorded 179,385 for time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in 2027.

That represents a change of up 1.3% on the previous year and up 6.5% over ten years.

Over the whole period, time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in World peaked at 185,651 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 137,161, in 2005.

World ranks 1st of 87 groups on this measure, in the top 10%.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 23 years of available data.

Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in World, year by year

Annual values for Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) in World, 2005 to 2027.
Year Value Change
2005 137,161
2006 137,904 +0.5%
2007 139,357 +1.1%
2008 143,352 +2.9%
2009 152,530 +6.4%
2010 152,374 -0.1%
2011 152,096 -0.2%
2012 156,465 +2.9%
2013 157,804 +0.9%
2014 158,336 +0.3%
2015 161,175 +1.8%
2016 163,589 +1.5%
2017 168,446 +3.0%
2018 165,010 -2.0%
2019 166,938 +1.2%
2020 185,651 +11.2%
2021 185,211 -0.2%
2022 172,933 -6.6%
2023 170,281 -1.5%
2024 172,104 +1.1%
2025 174,512 +1.4%
2026 177,019 +1.4%
2027 179,385 +1.3%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 142,061 137,161 152,530 5
2010s 160,223 152,096 168,446 10
2020s 177,137 170,281 185,651 8

Countries ranked near World

  1. 1 China 30,459 compare
  2. 2 India 23,302 compare
  3. 3 Ethiopia 16,345 compare
  4. 4 Nigeria 10,757 compare

See the full ranking of 276 places →

More work & labour data for World

All data for World →

Frequently asked questions

What is time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in World?
Time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in World was 179,385 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
What is the highest time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in World?
The highest recorded value was 185,651 in 2020.
What is the lowest time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in World?
The lowest recorded value was 137,161 in 2005.
How does World rank for time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates)?
World ranks 1st out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
Is time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) rising or falling in World?
Over the last ten years it is up 6.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this World data come from?
The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in World. Statizoid, drawing on International Labour Organization. Retrieved 25 August 2026, from https://labour.statizoid.com/stat/time-related-underemployment-ilo-modelled-estimates-15/world/

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About this data

Indicator
Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+)
Source
International Labour Organization
Licence
ILO Terms of Use (attribution required)
Coverage
276 places, 6,324 data points, 2005–2027
Last refreshed

Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For details, refer to the Resolution concerning the measurement of underemployment and inadequate employment situations. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.