Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in India

India: Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) was 23,302 in 2027. ▲ Rising

Latest (2027)
23,302
Change on year
up 1.7%
World rank
2nd
of 188 countries
All-time high
23,302
in 2027
All-time low
18,090
in 2011
Years of data
23
2005–2027

Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in India, 2005–2027

05.0k10.0k15.0k20.0k25.0k2005201620272005: 19.1k2006: 18.8k2007: 18.6k2008: 18.4k2009: 18.8k2010: 18.4k2011: 18.1k2012: 18.2k2013: 18.4k2014: 18.6k2015: 19.0k2016: 19.4k2017: 19.9k2018: 19.5k2019: 19.5k2020: 21.1k2021: 21.4k2022: 21.0k2023: 21.3k2024: 22.1k2025: 22.5k2026: 22.9k2027: 23.3k

Source: International Labour Organization.

Analysis

In 2027, time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in India stood at 23,302. That is the highest value across all 23 years on record.

That represents a change of up 1.7% on the previous year and up 17.1% over ten years.

Over the whole period, time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in India peaked at 23,302 in 2027 and was at its lowest, 18,090, in 2011.

India ranks 2nd of 188 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 23 years of available data.

Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in India, year by year

Annual values for Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) in India, 2005 to 2027.
Year Value Change
2005 19,067
2006 18,794 -1.4%
2007 18,582 -1.1%
2008 18,353 -1.2%
2009 18,830 +2.6%
2010 18,405 -2.3%
2011 18,090 -1.7%
2012 18,204 +0.6%
2013 18,375 +0.9%
2014 18,554 +1.0%
2015 18,957 +2.2%
2016 19,421 +2.4%
2017 19,898 +2.5%
2018 19,528 -1.9%
2019 19,530 +0.0%
2020 21,114 +8.1%
2021 21,432 +1.5%
2022 20,967 -2.2%
2023 21,256 +1.4%
2024 22,144 +4.2%
2025 22,530 +1.7%
2026 22,918 +1.7%
2027 23,302 +1.7%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 18,725 18,353 19,067 5
2010s 18,896 18,090 19,898 10
2020s 21,958 20,967 23,302 8

Countries ranked near India

  1. 1 China 30,459 compare
  2. 3 Ethiopia 16,345 compare
  3. 4 Nigeria 10,757 compare
  4. 5 Indonesia 7,668 compare

See the full ranking of 276 places →

More work & labour data for India

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in India?
Time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) in India was 23,302 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
What is the highest time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in India?
The highest recorded value was 23,302 in 2027.
What is the lowest time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in India?
The lowest recorded value was 18,090 in 2011.
How does India rank for time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates)?
India ranks 2nd out of 188 countries with data for 2027.
Is time-related underemployment (ilo modelled estimates) rising or falling in India?
Over the last ten years it is up 17.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this India data come from?
The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) in India. Statizoid, drawing on International Labour Organization. Retrieved 25 August 2026, from https://labour.statizoid.com/stat/time-related-underemployment-ilo-modelled-estimates-15/india/

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About this data

Indicator
Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+)
Source
International Labour Organization
Licence
ILO Terms of Use (attribution required)
Coverage
276 places, 6,324 data points, 2005–2027
Last refreshed

Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For details, refer to the Resolution concerning the measurement of underemployment and inadequate employment situations. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.