LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization was 4,435 in 2025. ▲ Rising
LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1999–2025
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland recorded 4,435 for lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 13.7% on the previous year and down 8.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland peaked at 5,991 in 2012 and was at its lowest, 2,451, in 2004.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 11th of 79 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 27 years of available data.
LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 3,030 | — |
| 2000 | 2,844 | -6.1% |
| 2001 | 2,485 | -12.6% |
| 2002 | 2,596 | +4.5% |
| 2003 | 2,527 | -2.7% |
| 2004 | 2,451 | -3.0% |
| 2005 | 3,534 | +44.2% |
| 2006 | 3,822 | +8.2% |
| 2007 | 3,899 | +2.0% |
| 2008 | 4,234 | +8.6% |
| 2009 | 5,388 | +27.3% |
| 2010 | 5,709 | +5.9% |
| 2011 | 5,805 | +1.7% |
| 2012 | 5,991 | +3.2% |
| 2013 | 5,766 | -3.8% |
| 2014 | 5,245 | -9.0% |
| 2015 | 4,841 | -7.7% |
| 2016 | 4,411 | -8.9% |
| 2017 | 4,201 | -4.8% |
| 2018 | 3,914 | -6.8% |
| 2019 | 3,646 | -6.8% |
| 2020 | 4,486 | +23.0% |
| 2021 | 4,481 | -0.1% |
| 2022 | 3,534 | -21.1% |
| 2023 | 3,656 | +3.5% |
| 2024 | 3,900 | +6.6% |
| 2025 | 4,435 | +13.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 3,030 | 3,030 | 3,030 | 1 |
| 2000s | 3,378 | 2,451 | 5,388 | 10 |
| 2010s | 4,953 | 3,646 | 5,991 | 10 |
| 2020s | 4,082 | 3,534 | 4,486 | 6 |
Countries ranked near United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
More work & labour data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 22,956 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 60.91 (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 35,770 (2027)
- Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 4.93 (2027)
- Labour dependency ratio 1.07 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 111,361 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 100,223 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 57.91 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 1.47 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 0.4352 % change on previous year (2027)
All data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland →
Frequently asked questions
- What is lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was 4,435 in 2025, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The highest recorded value was 5,991 in 2012.
- What is the lowest lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The lowest recorded value was 2,451 in 2004.
- How does United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland rank for lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization?
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 11th out of 79 countries with data for 2025.
- Is lu4: composite measure of labour underutilization rising or falling in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Over the last ten years it is down 8.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have implemented the 19th ICLS standards, for which data are also available in the Work Statistics -- 19th ICLS (WORK) database. LU4 represents the share of the extended labour force that are in unemployment, time-related underemployment or the potential labour force. For more information, refer to the Labour Force Statistics (LFS and STLFS) database description.