Labour input in wholesale and retail trade - quarterly data by country
Countries reporting
42
Highest
148.6 Index, 2021=100
Montenegro
Lowest
89 Index, 2021=100
Finland
Median
101.3 Index, 2021=100
Years covered
38
1989–2026
Data points
1,222
What the numbers show
Labour input in wholesale and retail trade - quarterly data is currently reported for 42 countries. The highest value is 148.6 Index, 2021=100 in Montenegro; the lowest is 89 Index, 2021=100 in Finland.
The median across all reporting countries is 101.3 Index, 2021=100, and the mean is 103.48 Index, 2021=100.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 29 countries rose and 13 fell. The largest increase was in Montenegro (up 52.9%), and the largest decrease in Latvia (down 15.6%).
Labour input in wholesale and retail trade - quarterly data: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Montenegro | 148.6 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 52.9% | rising |
| 2 | Malta | 121 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 24.5% | rising |
| 3 | Türkiye | 116.9 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 35.1% | rising |
| 4 | Greece | 114.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 5 | Croatia | 113.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 6 | Cyprus | 112.6 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 30.3% | rising |
| 7 | Croatia | 112.4 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 8 | Albania | 111.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 9 | Portugal | 110.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 13.7% | flat |
| 10 | Iceland | 108.6 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 11 | Spain | 107.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 9.8% | flat |
| 12 | Romania | 106.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 13 | Norway | 105.6 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 14 | Italy | 104.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 15 | Denmark | 103 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 16 | France | 102.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2025 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 16 | Netherlands | 102.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2025 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 18 | Luxembourg | 102.2 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 19 | Netherlands | 102 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 20 | Belgium | 101.4 Index, 2021=100 | 2025 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 21 | Bulgaria | 101.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 0.5% | rising |
| 21 | Hungary | 101.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 21 | Sweden | 101.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 24 | Ireland | 100.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 25 | Germany | 99.9 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 2.5% | falling |
| 26 | Switzerland | 99.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 3.5% | flat |
| 26 | Slovenia | 99.8 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 28 | Lithuania | 99.5 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 5.7% | rising |
| 29 | Slovenia | 99.3 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 30 | Lithuania | 99.1 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 31 | Serbia | 98.9 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 8.2% | flat |
| 32 | Austria | 97.6 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 33 | Slovakia | 96.4 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 8.4% | flat |
| 34 | Poland | 96.2 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 35 | Poland | 96.1 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 36 | Slovakia | 96 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 8.7% | flat |
| 37 | Czechia | 95.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | Estonia | 93.7 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 39 | Estonia | 93.2 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 40 | Latvia | 91.1 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 15.6% | falling |
| 40 | Latvia | 91.1 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 15.6% | falling |
| 42 | Finland | 89 Index, 2021=100 | 2026 | down 8.2% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Euro area - 19 countries (2015-2022) 103.4 Index, 2021=100
- Euro area – 20 countries (2023-2025) 103.1 Index, 2021=100
- Euro area – 21 countries (from 2026) 103.1 Index, 2021=100
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 102.4 Index, 2021=100