Labour force participation rates by educational attainment level, citizenship and NUTS 2 region by country
Countries reporting
39
Highest
88.1
Iceland
Lowest
40.4
Mayotte
Median
76.5
Years covered
27
1999–2025
Data points
11,183
What the numbers show
Labour force participation rates by educational attainment level, citizenship and NUTS 2 region is currently reported for 39 countries. The highest value is 88.1 in Iceland; the lowest is 40.4 in Mayotte.
The median across all reporting countries is 76.5, and the mean is 74.68.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 36 countries rose and 2 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 20.1%), and the largest decrease in Mayotte (down 15.1%).
Labour force participation rates by educational attainment level: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 88.1 | 2025 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 2 | Netherlands | 85.6 | 2025 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 3 | Switzerland | 84.1 | 2025 | up 1.0% | flat |
| 4 | Sweden | 84 | 2025 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 5 | Denmark | 82.3 | 2025 | up 7.0% | flat |
| 6 | Estonia | 81.7 | 2025 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 7 | Cyprus | 80.4 | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 8 | Germany | 80.3 | 2025 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 8 | Norway | 80.3 | 2025 | up 2.7% | flat |
| 10 | Finland | 79.7 | 2025 | up 5.1% | flat |
| 10 | Lithuania | 79.7 | 2025 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 12 | Austria | 78.9 | 2025 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 13 | Portugal | 78.8 | 2025 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 14 | Hungary | 78.6 | 2025 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 15 | United Kingdom | 78.1 | 2019 | up 3.2% | flat |
| 16 | Czechia | 78 | 2025 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 17 | Latvia | 77.6 | 2025 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 18 | Slovakia | 76.5 | 2025 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 19 | Slovenia | 75.8 | 2025 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 20 | Poland | 75.2 | 2025 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 21 | France | 75.1 | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 22 | Spain | 74.9 | 2025 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 23 | Bulgaria | 73.5 | 2025 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 24 | Serbia | 73 | 2025 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 25 | Croatia | 72.4 | 2025 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 26 | Belgium | 71.9 | 2025 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 27 | Greece | 70.9 | 2025 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 28 | Romania | 67.1 | 2025 | up 1.5% | flat |
| 29 | Italy | 66.7 | 2025 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 30 | North Macedonia | 66.6 | 2025 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 31 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 62.8 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 32 | Montenegro | 61.5 | 2020 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 33 | Türkiye | 60.1 | 2025 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 46 | Malta | 82.6 | 2025 | up 20.1% | rising |
| 152 | Ireland | 78.4 | 2025 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 278 | Luxembourg | 74.3 | 2025 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 350 | Martinique | 70.8 | 2025 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 382 | Guadeloupe | 65.9 | 2025 | up 3.6% | flat |
| 443 | Mayotte | 40.4 | 2025 | down 15.1% | falling |