Youth time-related underemployment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) (15-29) by country
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have...
What the numbers show
Youth time-related underemployment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) (15-29) is currently reported for 79 countries. The highest value is 2,419 in Indonesia; the lowest is 0.439 in Jordan.
The median across all reporting countries is 48.71, and the mean is 163.54.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 5,509.
Over the past decade 24 countries rose and 54 fell. The largest increase was in Ghana (up 4,249.4%), and the largest decrease in Jordan (down 97.0%).
Youth time-related underemployment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indonesia | 2,419 | 2023 | up 60.4% | rising |
| 2 | Brazil | 1,380 | 2025 | down 14.3% | flat |
| 3 | Philippines | 789.08 | 2023 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 4 | Bangladesh | 607.15 | 2024 | up 36.1% | rising |
| 5 | France | 563.58 | 2024 | down 13.1% | rising |
| 6 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 529.3 | 2019 | down 4.0% | rising |
| 7 | Ecuador | 477.01 | 2025 | up 86.0% | rising |
| 8 | Australia | 445.55 | 2025 | down 31.1% | flat |
| 9 | Rwanda | 440.91 | 2025 | down 51.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Uganda | 400.08 | 2021 | down 76.6% | volatile |
| 11 | Spain | 365.36 | 2024 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 12 | Netherlands | 359.54 | 2024 | up 77.0% | volatile |
| 13 | United States of America | 320.75 | 2025 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 14 | Colombia | 305.33 | 2025 | down 34.8% | falling |
| 15 | Peru | 283.77 | 2025 | up 33.4% | falling |
| 16 | Guatemala | 265.55 | 2024 | up 56.2% | falling |
| 17 | Viet Nam | 211.77 | 2024 | down 45.2% | falling |
| 18 | Ghana | 200.77 | 2024 | up 4,249.4% | volatile |
| 19 | South Africa | 165.03 | 2024 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 20 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 144.42 | 2025 | up 206.2% | falling |
| 21 | Chile | 141.4 | 2025 | down 43.0% | falling |
| 22 | Germany | 123.65 | 2024 | down 61.6% | falling |
| 23 | Türkiye | 119.9 | 2013 | up 111.4% | rising |
| 24 | Sweden | 109.81 | 2024 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 25 | Pakistan | 107.88 | 2025 | down 29.1% | rising |
| 26 | Republic of Korea | 107.43 | 2025 | up 70.7% | rising |
| 27 | Italy | 106.42 | 2024 | down 40.7% | rising |
| 28 | Zambia | 92.06 | 2024 | down 73.3% | volatile |
| 29 | Ireland | 84.15 | 2024 | up 67.7% | rising |
| 30 | Zimbabwe | 78.26 | 2024 | down 79.6% | volatile |
| 31 | Egypt | 75.86 | 2024 | down 89.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Denmark | 73.87 | 2024 | up 80.8% | volatile |
| 33 | Angola | 73.48 | 2025 | down 75.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Finland | 65.72 | 2024 | up 31.7% | rising |
| 35 | Belgium | 65.13 | 2024 | up 4.1% | volatile |
| 36 | Portugal | 60.67 | 2024 | down 27.0% | volatile |
| 37 | Mali | 59.35 | 2024 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 38 | Switzerland | 52.73 | 2025 | down 11.8% | falling |
| 39 | Honduras | 52.3 | 2025 | down 74.8% | volatile |
| 40 | Uruguay | 48.71 | 2025 | up 21.2% | rising |
| 41 | Norway | 42.15 | 2024 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 42 | Poland | 40.94 | 2025 | down 58.3% | falling |
| 43 | Thailand | 39.23 | 2025 | down 32.1% | falling |
| 44 | Austria | 34.3 | 2025 | down 32.3% | volatile |
| 45 | Sri Lanka | 31.29 | 2024 | down 8.0% | falling |
| 46 | Panama | 28.86 | 2025 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 47 | El Salvador | 28.7 | 2025 | down 49.6% | falling |
| 48 | Dominican Republic | 26.9 | 2025 | down 61.7% | volatile |
| 49 | Armenia | 26 | 2017 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 50 | Serbia | 24.96 | 2020 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 51 | Senegal | 24.66 | 2024 | up 72.0% | rising |
| 52 | Greece | 22.87 | 2025 | down 64.8% | flat |
| 53 | Paraguay | 20.98 | 2017 | up 57.6% | volatile |
| 54 | Togo | 13.24 | 2017 | down 65.3% | volatile |
| 55 | Romania | 11.89 | 2024 | down 86.0% | falling |
| 56 | Czechia | 11.69 | 2024 | up 89.6% | rising |
| 57 | Cambodia | 11.64 | 2023 | down 69.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Costa Rica | 10.56 | 2025 | down 84.3% | falling |
| 59 | Palestine, State of | 10.34 | 2022 | down 60.4% | falling |
| 60 | Slovenia | 9.65 | 2024 | down 40.9% | falling |
| 61 | Guyana | 9.4 | 2024 | down 11.3% | flat |
| 62 | Georgia | 7.77 | 2025 | down 57.5% | falling |
| 63 | Belarus | 7.36 | 2024 | down 50.5% | falling |
| 64 | Croatia | 6.89 | 2024 | down 52.5% | falling |
| 65 | Hungary | 6.78 | 2024 | down 62.2% | volatile |
| 66 | Cyprus | 5.03 | 2024 | down 64.8% | volatile |
| 67 | Malta | 4.69 | 2024 | up 64.6% | rising |
| 68 | Iceland | 4.61 | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 69 | Luxembourg | 3.9 | 2024 | up 141.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Lithuania | 3.38 | 2024 | down 40.5% | volatile |
| 71 | Estonia | 2.97 | 2024 | up 128.6% | falling |
| 72 | Latvia | 2.94 | 2024 | down 52.5% | volatile |
| 73 | Belize | 2.29 | 2017 | — | rising |
| 74 | Bulgaria | 2.21 | 2024 | down 74.6% | volatile |
| 75 | Brunei Darussalam | 1.85 | 2024 | down 3.4% | falling |
| 76 | Republic of Moldova | 1.76 | 2025 | down 86.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.47 | 2025 | down 83.4% | volatile |
| 78 | Mongolia | 0.54 | 2024 | down 79.2% | volatile |
| 79 | Jordan | 0.439 | 2024 | down 97.0% | volatile |
About this data
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have implemented the 19th ICLS standards, for which data are also available in the Work Statistics -- 19th ICLS (WORK) database. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For details, refer to the Resolution concerning the measurement of underemployment and inadequate employment situations. For more information, refer to the Youth Labour Market Indicators (YouthSTATS) database description.