Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income
Europe and Central Asia: High income: Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) was 2.94 in 2027. ▼ Falling
Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income, 2005–2027
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
Europe and Central Asia: High income recorded 2.94 for time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in 2027.
The figure is up 0.2% on the previous year and down 24.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income peaked at 4.85 in 2013 and was at its lowest, 2.88, in 2005.
Europe and Central Asia: High income ranks 71st of 87 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 23 years of available data.
Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 2.88 | — |
| 2006 | 3 | +4.2% |
| 2007 | 3.1 | +3.1% |
| 2008 | 3.72 | +20.3% |
| 2009 | 4.42 | +18.7% |
| 2010 | 4.44 | +0.5% |
| 2011 | 4.3 | -3.1% |
| 2012 | 4.55 | +5.7% |
| 2013 | 4.85 | +6.6% |
| 2014 | 4.67 | -3.8% |
| 2015 | 4.42 | -5.3% |
| 2016 | 4.12 | -6.7% |
| 2017 | 3.89 | -5.6% |
| 2018 | 3.51 | -9.8% |
| 2019 | 3.35 | -4.5% |
| 2020 | 4.01 | +19.5% |
| 2021 | 3.6 | -10.3% |
| 2022 | 3.15 | -12.4% |
| 2023 | 3 | -4.6% |
| 2024 | 2.92 | -2.9% |
| 2025 | 2.93 | +0.4% |
| 2026 | 2.94 | +0.4% |
| 2027 | 2.94 | +0.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 3.42 | 2.88 | 4.42 | 5 |
| 2010s | 4.21 | 3.35 | 4.85 | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.19 | 2.92 | 4.01 | 8 |
Countries ranked near Europe and Central Asia: High income
- 68 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 6.67 compare
- 69 Guatemala 6.65 compare
- 70 Trinidad and Tobago 6.63 compare
- 71 Georgia 6.53 compare
- 72 Burundi 6.48 compare
- 73 Puerto Rico 6.38 compare
- 74 Cuba 6.26 compare
More work & labour data for Europe and Central Asia: High income
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 339,691 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 58.03 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 245,710 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 55.23 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 71,819 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 115,809 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 1.08 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.4391 % change on previous year (2027)
- Employment (ILO modelled estimates) 326,224 (2025)
- Employment 326,224 (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income?
- Time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) in Europe and Central Asia: High income was 2.94 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in Europe and Central Asia: High income?
- The highest recorded value was 4.85 in 2013.
- What is the lowest time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) recorded in Europe and Central Asia: High income?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.88 in 2005.
- How does Europe and Central Asia: High income rank for time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates)?
- Europe and Central Asia: High income ranks 71st out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
- Is time-related underemployment rate (ilo modelled estimates) rising or falling in Europe and Central Asia: High income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 24.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Europe and Central Asia: High income data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) (15+). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. The time-related underemployment rate conveys the number of persons in time-related underemployment as a percent of the total number of persons in employment. Persons in time-related underemployment comprise all persons in employment, who satisfy the following three criteria during the reference period: a) are willing to work additional hours; b) are available to work additional hours i.e., are ready, within a specified subsequent period, to work additional hours, given opportunities for additional work; and c) worked less than a threshold relating to working time i.e., persons whose hours actually worked in all jobs during the reference period were below a threshold, to be chosen according to national circumstances. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.