Share of employment: ICLS13) in Turkey
Turkey: Share of employment: ICLS13) was 3.27 in 2025. ▼ Falling
Share of employment in STEM occupations outside the formal sector in Turkey, 2012–2025
Source: International Labour Organization.
Analysis
Turkey recorded 3.27 for share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector in 2025.
That represents a change of down 1.1% on the previous year and down 4.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector in Turkey peaked at 4.75 in 2019 and was at its lowest, 2.64, in 2023.
That places Turkey 30th out of 39 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 14 years of available data.
Share of employment: ICLS13) in Turkey, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 3.99 | — |
| 2013 | 3.14 | -21.3% |
| 2014 | 3.32 | +5.9% |
| 2015 | 3.43 | +3.3% |
| 2016 | 3.25 | -5.4% |
| 2017 | 3.97 | +22.3% |
| 2018 | 4.06 | +2.2% |
| 2019 | 4.75 | +17.1% |
| 2020 | 4.29 | -9.7% |
| 2021 | 2.89 | -32.7% |
| 2022 | 2.88 | -0.3% |
| 2023 | 2.64 | -8.1% |
| 2024 | 3.31 | +25.2% |
| 2025 | 3.27 | -1.1% |
Turkey compared with similar countries
- Turkey's 3.27 is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 8.6, 38% of the median. (21 countries reporting)
- Turkey's 3.27 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 2.12, 1.5× the median. (6 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010s | 3.74 | 3.14 | 4.75 | 8 |
| 2020s | 3.21 | 2.64 | 4.29 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Turkey
More work & labour data for Turkey
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 31,966 (2027)
- Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 54.63 (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 38,497 (2027)
- Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 8.78 (2027)
- Labour dependency ratio 1.51 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 95,928 (2027)
- Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 41,171 (2027)
- Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 49.84 (2027)
- Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 0.6505 % change on previous year (2027)
- Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 1.11 % change on previous year (2027)
Frequently asked questions
- What is share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector in Turkey?
- Share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector in Turkey was 3.27 in 2025, according to International Labour Organization.
- What is the highest share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector recorded in Turkey?
- The highest recorded value was 4.75 in 2019.
- What is the lowest share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector recorded in Turkey?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.64 in 2023.
- How does Turkey rank for share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector?
- Turkey ranks 30th out of 39 countries with data for 2025.
- Is share of employment in stem occupations outside the formal sector rising or falling in Turkey?
- Over the last ten years it is down 4.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Turkey data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of Share of employment in STEM occupations outside the formal sector (previous ILO definition - ICLS13). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 14 observations, free to reuse under ILO Terms of Use (attribution required).
About this data
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have implemented the 19th ICLS standards, for which data are also available in the Work Statistics -- 19th ICLS (WORK) database. For more information, refer to the Worker and Sector Profiles (PROF) database description.