Share of employment in STEM occupations outside the formal sector (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) by country
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have...
What the numbers show
Share of employment in STEM occupations outside the formal sector (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) is currently reported for 39 countries. The highest value is 45.05 in Uganda; the lowest is 0.459 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The median across all reporting countries is 10.15, and the mean is 12.97.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 98.
Over the past decade 21 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Uruguay (up 351.2%), and the largest decrease in Bosnia and Herzegovina (down 88.2%).
Share of employment in STEM occupations outside the formal sector: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Uganda | 45.05 | 2021 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 2 | Argentina | 39.27 | 2025 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 3 | Myanmar | 32.81 | 2020 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 4 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 31.77 | 2025 | up 36.3% | rising |
| 5 | Pakistan | 28.27 | 2025 | up 41.5% | rising |
| 6 | Egypt | 23.78 | 2024 | up 119.3% | rising |
| 7 | Colombia | 21.12 | 2025 | — | falling |
| 8 | Uruguay | 21.07 | 2025 | up 351.2% | volatile |
| 9 | Zimbabwe | 20.82 | 2024 | up 137.2% | rising |
| 10 | Guatemala | 19.17 | 2025 | down 18.7% | falling |
| 11 | Rwanda | 16.25 | 2025 | up 59.1% | rising |
| 12 | Grenada | 16.04 | 2023 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 13 | Mexico | 15.91 | 2026 | up 52.7% | rising |
| 14 | Kyrgyzstan | 14.09 | 2023 | down 23.1% | falling |
| 15 | El Salvador | 13.59 | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 16 | Panama | 13.56 | 2025 | up 50.2% | rising |
| 17 | Brazil | 13.41 | 2025 | up 19.6% | rising |
| 18 | Angola | 12.73 | 2025 | down 40.8% | falling |
| 19 | Sri Lanka | 10.83 | 2024 | up 10.1% | flat |
| 20 | Senegal | 10.15 | 2024 | down 50.9% | falling |
| 21 | Botswana | 9.62 | 2024 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 22 | Ecuador | 9.42 | 2025 | up 67.0% | rising |
| 23 | Costa Rica | 9.35 | 2025 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 24 | Dominican Republic | 8.6 | 2025 | up 24.7% | rising |
| 25 | Mauritius | 7.33 | 2024 | down 48.9% | falling |
| 26 | Viet Nam | 6.59 | 2024 | up 85.3% | rising |
| 27 | Guyana | 6.42 | 2024 | down 14.8% | falling |
| 28 | Palestine, State of | 5.05 | 2025 | up 64.4% | volatile |
| 29 | Zambia | 4.95 | 2024 | down 47.8% | flat |
| 30 | Türkiye | 3.27 | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 31 | Thailand | 3.05 | 2024 | down 65.0% | falling |
| 32 | Jordan | 3.04 | 2023 | down 11.2% | falling |
| 33 | Georgia | 2.62 | 2025 | down 22.0% | flat |
| 34 | North Macedonia | 1.63 | 2025 | up 72.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Mongolia | 1.52 | 2025 | down 77.7% | volatile |
| 36 | Serbia | 1.47 | 2019 | up 146.8% | rising |
| 37 | Seychelles | 1.05 | 2025 | down 79.0% | falling |
| 38 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.531 | 2024 | down 51.7% | rising |
| 39 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.459 | 2025 | down 88.2% | volatile |
About this data
With the aim of promoting international comparability, statistics presented on ILOSTAT are based on standard international definitions wherever feasible and may differ from official national figures. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. For time series comparability, it includes countries that have implemented the 19th ICLS standards, for which data are also available in the Work Statistics -- 19th ICLS (WORK) database. For more information, refer to the Worker and Sector Profiles (PROF) database description.