Share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain

Spain: Share of workers in vulnerable employment was 10.1% in 2025. ▼ Falling

Latest (2025)
10.1%
Change on year
down 1.8%
World rank
148th
of 186 countries
All-time high
20.5%
in 1993
All-time low
10.1%
in 2025
Years of data
35
1991–2025

Share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain, 1991–2025

051015201991200820251991: 20.3 %1992: 20.5 %1993: 20.5 %1994: 20.3 %1995: 19.6 %1996: 19.2 %1997: 18.2 %1998: 17.3 %1999: 16.2 %2000: 15.1 %2001: 14.8 %2002: 14 %2003: 13.3 %2004: 13.2 %2005: 13.2 %2006: 12.9 %2007: 12.6 %2008: 12.7 %2009: 12.1 %2010: 12.1 %2011: 11.8 %2012: 12.3 %2013: 12.7 %2014: 13 %2015: 12.6 %2016: 12 %2017: 11.9 %2018: 11.4 %2019: 11.1 %2020: 11.6 %2021: 11.4 %2022: 10.8 %2023: 10.4 %2024: 10.3 %2025: 10.1 %

Source: International Labour Organization (ILOEST/ILOSTAT) and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in %.

Analysis

The most recent figure for share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain is 10.1%, measured in 2025. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.

That represents a change of down 1.8% on the previous year and down 19.9% over ten years.

Over the whole period, share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain peaked at 20.5% in 1993 and was at its lowest, 10.1%, in 2025.

Spain ranks 148th of 186 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 19.1% 16.2% 20.5% 9
2000s 13.4% 12.1% 15.1% 10
2010s 12.1% 11.1% 13.0% 10
2020s 10.8% 10.1% 11.6% 6

Countries ranked near Spain

  1. 145 Slovenia 10.6% compare
  2. 146 Lithuania 10.4% compare
  3. 147 Puerto Rico 10.3% compare
  4. 150 Portugal 9.7% compare

See the full ranking of 186 places →

More work & labour data for Spain

All data for Spain →

Frequently asked questions

What is share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain?
Share of workers in vulnerable employment in Spain was 10.1% in 2025, according to International Labour Organization (ILOEST/ILOSTAT) and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest share of workers in vulnerable employment recorded in Spain?
The highest recorded value was 20.5% in 1993.
What is the lowest share of workers in vulnerable employment recorded in Spain?
The lowest recorded value was 10.1% in 2025.
How does Spain rank for share of workers in vulnerable employment?
Spain ranks 148th out of 186 countries with data for 2025.
Is share of workers in vulnerable employment rising or falling in Spain?
Over the last ten years it is down 19.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this Spain data come from?
The figures come from International Labour Organization (ILOEST/ILOSTAT) and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Share of workers in vulnerable employment. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 35 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator
Share of workers in vulnerable employment
Unit
%
Source
International Labour Organization (ILOEST/ILOSTAT) and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
186 places, 6,496 data points, 1991–2025
Last refreshed

Share of employed population who are working as independent own-account workers (self-employed without staff), or contributing family workers (self-employed in a household business or farm).