Employment rates by citizenship by country
Countries reporting
36
Highest
77.8
Iceland
Lowest
46.6
Montenegro
Median
63.7
Years covered
31
1995–2025
Data points
1,033
What the numbers show
Employment rates by citizenship is currently reported for 36 countries. The highest value is 77.8 in Iceland; the lowest is 46.6 in Montenegro.
The median across all reporting countries is 63.7, and the mean is 62.78.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 33 countries rose and 2 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 25.4%), and the largest decrease in Romania (down 4.6%).
Employment rates by citizenship: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 77.8 | 2025 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 2 | Netherlands | 73.2 | 2025 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 3 | Switzerland | 71.8 | 2025 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 3 | Türkiye | 51.4 | 2025 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 4 | Malta | 71.5 | 2025 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 5 | Norway | 69.6 | 2025 | up 2.4% | flat |
| 6 | Denmark | 69.3 | 2025 | up 9.7% | flat |
| 7 | Sweden | 69 | 2025 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 8 | Cyprus | 68.8 | 2025 | up 20.9% | flat |
| 9 | Estonia | 68.5 | 2025 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 9 | Ireland | 68.5 | 2025 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 11 | Germany | 67.6 | 2025 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 12 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 67.2 | 2019 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 13 | Czechia | 66.4 | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 14 | Lithuania | 65.9 | 2025 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 15 | Austria | 65.3 | 2025 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 16 | Hungary | 65.2 | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 17 | Latvia | 64.5 | 2025 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 18 | Portugal | 64.4 | 2025 | up 12.4% | flat |
| 19 | Luxembourg | 63 | 2025 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 20 | Slovakia | 62.9 | 2025 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 21 | Slovenia | 62.8 | 2025 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 22 | Finland | 62.5 | 2025 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 23 | Poland | 62.3 | 2025 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 24 | Bulgaria | 60.6 | 2025 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 25 | France | 59.8 | 2025 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 26 | Belgium | 58.8 | 2025 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 27 | Spain | 58.7 | 2025 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 28 | Croatia | 57.7 | 2025 | up 17.3% | rising |
| 29 | Serbia | 56.8 | 2025 | up 21.9% | rising |
| 30 | Greece | 55.9 | 2025 | up 25.3% | flat |
| 31 | Italy | 54.5 | 2025 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 32 | Romania | 53.5 | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 33 | North Macedonia | 50.6 | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 34 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 47.2 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 35 | Montenegro | 46.6 | 2020 | up 12.0% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.