SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) by country
Data may differ from nationally reported figures and the Global SDG Indicators Database due to differences in sources and/or reference years. This indicator conveys the share of employment in manufacturing. Employment in manufacturing is defined based on the International Standard Industrial Classification of All...
Countries reporting
156
Highest
29.07
China
Lowest
1.13
Cayman Islands
Median
9.76
Years covered
26
2000–2025
Data points
5,043
What the numbers show
SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) is currently reported for 156 countries. The highest value is 29.07 in China; the lowest is 1.13 in Cayman Islands.
The median across all reporting countries is 9.76, and the mean is 10.65.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 26.
Over the past decade 55 countries rose and 101 fell. The largest increase was in Palau (up 474.1%), and the largest decrease in Macau, China (down 66.5%).
SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 29.07 | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 2 | Taiwan, China | 26.43 | 2020 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 3 | San Marino | 25.4 | 2022 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 4 | Czechia | 23.96 | 2025 | down 12.3% | flat |
| 5 | Slovenia | 22.21 | 2025 | down 5.1% | falling |
| 6 | Slovakia | 22.09 | 2025 | up 18.2% | falling |
| 7 | Viet Nam | 21.98 | 2024 | up 52.2% | rising |
| 8 | Hungary | 20.45 | 2024 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 9 | Tunisia | 19.22 | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 10 | Poland | 19.13 | 2025 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 11 | Belarus | 18.94 | 2024 | down 7.5% | flat |
| 12 | Türkiye | 18.63 | 2025 | up 0.1% | falling |
| 13 | North Macedonia | 18.56 | 2025 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 14 | Romania | 18.37 | 2025 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 15 | Italy | 17.89 | 2025 | down 2.5% | falling |
| 16 | Germany | 17.89 | 2025 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 17 | Cambodia | 17.85 | 2025 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 18 | Serbia | 17.73 | 2025 | up 10.2% | flat |
| 19 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 17.65 | 2024 | up 3.7% | rising |
| 20 | Sri Lanka | 17.19 | 2024 | down 5.5% | flat |
| 21 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 17 | 2025 | up 5.9% | flat |
| 22 | Malaysia | 16.83 | 2022 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 23 | Bulgaria | 16.07 | 2025 | down 19.1% | falling |
| 24 | Thailand | 16 | 2025 | down 5.7% | rising |
| 25 | Mexico | 15.98 | 2025 | down 1.5% | falling |
| 26 | Portugal | 15.88 | 2025 | down 5.6% | falling |
| 27 | Guatemala | 15.73 | 2025 | up 22.7% | falling |
| 28 | Lithuania | 15.49 | 2025 | up 1.9% | falling |
| 29 | Croatia | 15.46 | 2025 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 30 | Estonia | 15.4 | 2025 | down 19.5% | falling |
| 31 | Republic of Korea | 15.17 | 2025 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 32 | Japan | 15.13 | 2025 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 33 | Austria | 14.83 | 2025 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 34 | Burkina Faso | 14.65 | 2023 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 35 | El Salvador | 14.48 | 2025 | down 9.7% | falling |
| 36 | Pakistan | 14.45 | 2025 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 37 | Palestine, State of | 14.34 | 2025 | up 18.2% | flat |
| 38 | Togo | 14.33 | 2022 | up 31.4% | rising |
| 39 | Russian Federation | 14.28 | 2025 | up 1.0% | falling |
| 40 | Benin | 14.22 | 2022 | down 7.1% | rising |
| 41 | Syrian Arab Republic | 14.19 | 2011 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 42 | Indonesia | 13.71 | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 43 | Honduras | 13.48 | 2025 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 44 | Ukraine | 13.25 | 2021 | up 1.4% | falling |
| 45 | Oman | 13.18 | 2021 | up 134.2% | rising |
| 46 | Tonga | 12.95 | 2023 | down 28.4% | falling |
| 47 | Finland | 12.85 | 2025 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 48 | Kiribati | 12.71 | 2023 | down 10.8% | volatile |
| 49 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 12.57 | 2025 | up 45.8% | rising |
| 50 | India | 12.49 | 2025 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 51 | Latvia | 12.35 | 2025 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 52 | Myanmar | 12.18 | 2020 | up 91.4% | rising |
| 53 | Spain | 12.14 | 2025 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 54 | Egypt | 12.07 | 2024 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 55 | Switzerland | 11.84 | 2025 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 56 | Bangladesh | 11.76 | 2024 | down 28.1% | rising |
| 57 | Brazil | 11.58 | 2025 | down 9.3% | falling |
| 58 | Nicaragua | 11.51 | 2014 | down 10.9% | rising |
| 59 | Belgium | 11.34 | 2025 | down 12.4% | falling |
| 60 | Paraguay | 11.28 | 2025 | down 9.2% | flat |
| 61 | Denmark | 11.23 | 2025 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 62 | Kyrgyzstan | 11.1 | 2023 | up 54.6% | rising |
| 63 | Morocco | 11.02 | 2022 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 64 | France | 10.98 | 2025 | down 10.1% | falling |
| 65 | Colombia | 10.95 | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 66 | Costa Rica | 10.86 | 2025 | up 4.0% | falling |
| 67 | United Arab Emirates | 10.85 | 2025 | up 75.7% | flat |
| 68 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 10.82 | 2017 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 69 | Ireland | 10.79 | 2025 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 70 | Algeria | 10.72 | 2017 | down 1.3% | rising |
| 71 | Mauritius | 10.65 | 2024 | down 23.5% | falling |
| 72 | Argentina | 10.59 | 2025 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 73 | Kosovo | 10.5 | 2024 | down 23.9% | rising |
| 74 | Albania | 10.15 | 2024 | up 17.0% | rising |
| 75 | Senegal | 10.07 | 2024 | up 63.7% | rising |
| 76 | Ecuador | 9.86 | 2025 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 77 | Ghana | 9.8 | 2024 | up 10.6% | falling |
| 78 | South Africa | 9.78 | 2024 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 79 | Greece | 9.74 | 2025 | up 4.4% | falling |
| 80 | Maldives | 9.72 | 2019 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 81 | Dominican Republic | 9.72 | 2025 | down 1.5% | falling |
| 82 | United States of America | 9.65 | 2025 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 83 | Cape Verde | 9.65 | 2019 | up 42.9% | rising |
| 84 | Uruguay | 9.63 | 2025 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 85 | Malta | 9.62 | 2025 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 86 | Côte d'Ivoire | 9.59 | 2022 | up 78.6% | rising |
| 87 | Cameroon | 9.56 | 2021 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 88 | Chile | 9.55 | 2025 | down 14.4% | falling |
| 89 | Sweden | 9.38 | 2025 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 90 | Cuba | 9.3 | 2014 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 91 | Iceland | 9.01 | 2025 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 92 | Puerto Rico | 8.97 | 2020 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 93 | Uzbekistan | 8.95 | 2020 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 94 | Israel | 8.9 | 2024 | down 23.1% | falling |
| 95 | Singapore | 8.85 | 2025 | down 20.4% | falling |
| 96 | Jordan | 8.84 | 2024 | down 18.5% | falling |
| 97 | Canada | 8.78 | 2025 | down 9.6% | falling |
| 98 | Nigeria | 8.78 | 2024 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 99 | Guyana | 8.74 | 2024 | down 17.7% | falling |
| 100 | Armenia | 8.71 | 2023 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 101 | Mongolia | 8.66 | 2025 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 102 | Saudi Arabia | 8.66 | 2024 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 103 | New Zealand | 8.59 | 2025 | down 23.2% | falling |
| 104 | Peru | 8.58 | 2025 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 105 | Netherlands | 8.04 | 2025 | down 15.4% | falling |
| 106 | Belize | 7.98 | 2019 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 107 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 7.82 | 2025 | down 18.6% | falling |
| 108 | Barbados | 7.66 | 2024 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 109 | Niger | 7.65 | 2022 | up 26.7% | volatile |
| 110 | Philippines | 7.64 | 2023 | down 7.8% | volatile |
| 111 | Panama | 7.53 | 2025 | down 2.0% | falling |
| 112 | Brunei Darussalam | 6.93 | 2024 | up 89.7% | falling |
| 113 | Kazakhstan | 6.84 | 2022 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 114 | Mali | 6.81 | 2024 | up 37.3% | falling |
| 115 | Trinidad and Tobago | 6.75 | 2024 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 116 | Norway | 6.59 | 2025 | down 22.7% | falling |
| 117 | Bhutan | 6.44 | 2025 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 118 | Afghanistan | 6.4 | 2021 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 119 | Georgia | 6.4 | 2025 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 120 | Australia | 6.38 | 2025 | down 22.5% | falling |
| 121 | Montenegro | 6.31 | 2024 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 122 | Netherlands Antilles | 6.24 | 2013 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 123 | Namibia | 6.23 | 2018 | down 1.4% | flat |
| 124 | Saint Lucia | 6.12 | 2025 | up 25.2% | falling |
| 125 | Fiji | 6.03 | 2024 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 126 | Samoa | 6.01 | 2022 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 127 | Cyprus | 5.96 | 2025 | down 23.5% | falling |
| 128 | Kuwait | 5.65 | 2017 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 129 | Azerbaijan | 5.64 | 2022 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 130 | Tajikistan | 5.42 | 2018 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 131 | Madagascar | 5.39 | 2022 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 132 | Seychelles | 5.37 | 2025 | down 26.4% | falling |
| 133 | Botswana | 5.32 | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 134 | Republic of Moldova | 5.24 | 2025 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 135 | Zimbabwe | 5.17 | 2024 | up 28.3% | falling |
| 136 | Vanuatu | 5.1 | 2025 | up 26.9% | volatile |
| 137 | Qatar | 5.03 | 2024 | down 35.2% | falling |
| 138 | Uganda | 4.76 | 2021 | up 109.6% | falling |
| 139 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 4.19 | 2024 | up 41.3% | rising |
| 140 | Rwanda | 4.19 | 2025 | up 98.1% | rising |
| 141 | Antigua and Barbuda | 4.12 | 2018 | down 9.6% | falling |
| 142 | Grenada | 3.96 | 2023 | down 41.2% | falling |
| 143 | Angola | 3.92 | 2025 | up 212.8% | rising |
| 144 | Zambia | 3.71 | 2024 | down 19.5% | rising |
| 145 | Bahamas | 3.54 | 2024 | up 26.7% | falling |
| 146 | Jamaica | 3.46 | 2023 | down 46.4% | falling |
| 147 | New Caledonia | 3.36 | 2020 | down 66.5% | volatile |
| 148 | Palau | 3.08 | 2023 | up 474.1% | volatile |
| 149 | Luxembourg | 2.72 | 2025 | down 37.3% | falling |
| 150 | Hong Kong, China | 2.4 | 2025 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 151 | Jersey | 2.02 | 2013 | down 48.5% | falling |
| 152 | Bermuda | 1.72 | 2013 | down 46.2% | falling |
| 153 | Macau, China | 1.61 | 2020 | down 66.5% | volatile |
| 154 | Timor-Leste | 1.54 | 2022 | down 56.3% | volatile |
| 155 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 1.35 | 2008 | down 38.7% | falling |
| 156 | Cayman Islands | 1.13 | 2015 | up 19.2% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Eastern Asia: Upper-middle income 20.99
- Eastern Asia 20.26
- Asia and the Pacific: Upper-middle income 19.54
- Southern Asia: Upper-middle income 17.87
- World: Upper-middle income 17.39
- APEC 17.07
- Northern, Southern and Western Europe: Upper-middle income 16.22
- Eastern Asia: High income 16.15
- Asia and the Pacific 16.12
- Eastern Europe: High income 15.99
- Western Asia 15.83
- BRICS 15.65
- Eastern Europe 15.53
- Central America 15.27
- European Union 27 15.17
- South-Eastern Asia and the Pacific: Lower-middle income 15
- Southern Europe 14.98
- Central and Western Asia: Upper-middle income 14.98
- ASEAN 14.82
- South-Eastern Asia 14.79
- Asia and the Pacific: High income 14.73
- Europe and Central Asia: Upper-middle income 14.6
- South-Eastern Asia and the Pacific: Upper-middle income 14.46
- South-Eastern Asia and the Pacific 14.26
- European Union 28 14.17
- Western Europe 13.9
- Europe and Central Asia: High income 13.89
- Europe and Central Asia 13.89
- G20 13.85
- World 13.66
- Central and Western Asia 13.53
- Eastern Europe: Upper-middle income 13.24
- World: Upper-middle income excluding China 13.15
- Northern, Southern and Western Europe 12.98
- Northern, Southern and Western Europe: High income 12.88
- Northern Africa: Lower-middle income 12.8
- Asia and the Pacific: Lower-middle income 12.79
- Asia and the Pacific: Low income 12.78
- Southern Asia 12.48
- World: High income 12.46
About this data
Data may differ from nationally reported figures and the Global SDG Indicators Database due to differences in sources and/or reference years. This indicator conveys the share of employment in manufacturing. Employment in manufacturing is defined based on the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC). Employment refers to all persons of working age who, during a specified brief period, were in paid employment (whether at work or with a job but not at work) or in self-employment (whether at work or with an enterprise but not at work). This indicator is calculated based on data on employment by sex and economic activity. For more information, refer to the Labour Market-related SDG Indicators (ILOSDG) database description.