Labour transitions - change in qualification level (employment status and pay level) compared to previous year by sex and previous employment status by country
Countries reporting
46
Highest
87.4%
Ireland
Lowest
66.7%
Hungary
Median
79.3%
Years covered
20
2006–2025
Data points
888
What the numbers show
Labour transitions - change in qualification level (employment status and pay level) compared to previous year by sex and previous employment status is currently reported for 46 countries. The highest value is 87.4% in Ireland; the lowest is 66.7% in Hungary.
The median across all reporting countries is 79.3%, and the mean is 79.1%.
Over the past decade 13 countries rose and 33 fell. The largest increase was in Romania (up 10.8%), and the largest decrease in Hungary (down 17.6%).
Labour transitions - change in qualification level (employment status): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ireland | 87.4% | 2024 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 2 | Cyprus | 86.8% | 2025 | down 2.3% | flat |
| 3 | Netherlands | 86.4% | 2025 | down 2.5% | flat |
| 3 | Netherlands | 86.4% | 2025 | down 2.5% | flat |
| 5 | Euro area (EA11-1999, EA12-2001, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2009, EA17-2011, EA18-2014, EA19-2015, EA20-2023, EA21-2026) | 83.4% | 2020 | up 2.7% | flat |
| 5 | France | 83.4% | 2025 | down 4.4% | flat |
| 7 | Romania | 83.1% | 2025 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 7 | Belgium | 83.1% | 2025 | up 0.4% | rising |
| 9 | Italy | 82.9% | 2025 | down 1.3% | flat |
| 10 | Austria | 82.1% | 2025 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 11 | Spain | 82.0% | 2025 | down 4.7% | rising |
| 12 | Switzerland | 81.1% | 2024 | down 5.4% | flat |
| 13 | Norway | 81.0% | 2025 | down 1.1% | flat |
| 13 | European Union (EU6-1958, EU9-1973, EU10-1981, EU12-1986, EU15-1995, EU25-2004, EU27-2007, EU28-2013, EU27-2020) | 81.0% | 2019 | up 1.9% | flat |
| 13 | Lithuania | 81.0% | 2025 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 13 | Lithuania | 81.0% | 2025 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 17 | Türkiye | 80.9% | 2025 | down 1.9% | falling |
| 17 | Denmark | 80.9% | 2025 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 19 | Slovenia | 80.2% | 2025 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 19 | Slovenia | 80.2% | 2025 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 21 | Poland | 79.5% | 2025 | down 6.0% | flat |
| 21 | Poland | 79.5% | 2025 | down 6.0% | flat |
| 23 | Luxembourg | 79.4% | 2025 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 24 | Bulgaria | 79.3% | 2025 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 25 | Estonia | 79.0% | 2025 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 25 | Estonia | 79.0% | 2025 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 27 | Finland | 78.7% | 2025 | down 4.5% | flat |
| 28 | Sweden | 78.3% | 2025 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 28 | Portugal | 78.3% | 2025 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 30 | Croatia | 78.1% | 2025 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 30 | Croatia | 78.1% | 2025 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 32 | Iceland | 78.0% | 2020 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 33 | Czechia | 77.5% | 2025 | down 6.6% | flat |
| 33 | United Kingdom | 77.5% | 2018 | down 3.0% | flat |
| 33 | United Kingdom | 77.5% | 2018 | down 3.0% | flat |
| 36 | Malta | 77.3% | 2025 | down 8.5% | flat |
| 37 | Latvia | 76.6% | 2025 | up 2.0% | flat |
| 37 | Latvia | 76.6% | 2025 | up 2.0% | flat |
| 39 | Germany | 75.8% | 2025 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 40 | Greece | 75.6% | 2025 | down 11.7% | flat |
| 41 | Slovakia | 74.0% | 2024 | down 9.1% | flat |
| 42 | Serbia | 73.6% | 2025 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 43 | Montenegro | 73.5% | 2024 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 44 | North Macedonia | 69.5% | 2024 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 45 | Slovakia | 68.6% | 2025 | down 11.5% | falling |
| 46 | Hungary | 66.7% | 2025 | down 17.6% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.