Labour force by educational attainment level and NUTS 2 region by country
Countries reporting
50
Highest
44,004 Thousand persons
Germany
Lowest
72.4 Thousand persons
Mayotte
Median
2,981 Thousand persons
Years covered
27
1999–2025
Data points
11,552
What the numbers show
Labour force by educational attainment level and NUTS 2 region is currently reported for 50 countries. The highest value is 44,004 Thousand persons in Germany; the lowest is 72.4 Thousand persons in Mayotte.
The median across all reporting countries is 2,981 Thousand persons, and the mean is 7,584 Thousand persons.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 608.
Over the past decade 38 countries rose and 11 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 61.9%), and the largest decrease in North Macedonia (down 16.5%).
Labour force by educational attainment level and NUTS 2 region: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 44,004 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 2 | Türkiye | 35,377 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 19.8% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 33,796 Thousand persons | 2019 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 33,796 Thousand persons | 2019 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 5 | France | 31,782 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 6 | Italy | 25,629 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 7 | Spain | 24,811 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 17,745 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 8 | Poland | 17,745 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 10 | Netherlands | 10,229 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 10,229 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 12 | Romania | 8,190 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 10.6% | falling |
| 13 | Sweden | 5,773 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 5,582 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 8.8% | flat |
| 15 | Belgium | 5,478 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 16 | Czechia | 5,378 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 17 | Switzerland | 5,086 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 18 | Hungary | 4,885 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 19 | Austria | 4,758 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 8.5% | rising |
| 20 | Greece | 4,752 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 21 | Denmark | 3,282 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 22 | Serbia | 3,120 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 22 | Serbia | 3,120 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 24 | Norway | 3,039 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 25 | Bulgaria | 3,028 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 26 | Ireland | 2,934 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 29.1% | rising |
| 27 | Finland | 2,868 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 28 | Slovakia | 2,755 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 28 | Slovakia | 2,755 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 30 | Croatia | 1,786 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 30 | Croatia | 1,786 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 32 | Lithuania | 1,566 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 32 | Lithuania | 1,566 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 34 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,421 Thousand persons | 2025 | — | flat |
| 35 | Slovenia | 1,034 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 35 | Slovenia | 1,034 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 37 | Latvia | 948.9 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 37 | Latvia | 948.9 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 39 | North Macedonia | 795.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 39 | North Macedonia | 795.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 41 | Estonia | 749.3 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 41 | Estonia | 749.3 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 43 | Cyprus | 524.6 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 44 | Luxembourg | 350.4 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 27.3% | rising |
| 45 | Malta | 338.7 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 61.9% | rising |
| 46 | Montenegro | 266.6 Thousand persons | 2020 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 47 | Iceland | 236.2 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 48 | Guadeloupe | 154.6 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 49 | Martinique | 151.4 Thousand persons | 2025 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 50 | Mayotte | 72.4 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 19.5% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 221,162 Thousand persons
- Euro area – 21 countries (from 2026) 175,909 Thousand persons
- Nordrhein-Westfalen 9,304 Thousand persons
- Este 7,684 Thousand persons
- Nord-Ovest 7,406 Thousand persons
- Bayern 7,353 Thousand persons
- İstanbul 7,121 Thousand persons
- Ile de France 6,315 Thousand persons
- Baden-Württemberg 6,174 Thousand persons
- Centro (IT) 5,378 Thousand persons
- Česko 5,378 Thousand persons
- Continente 5,319 Thousand persons
- Schweiz/Suisse/Svizzera 5,086 Thousand persons
- Sur 5,075 Thousand persons
- Sud 4,989 Thousand persons
- West-Nederland 4,976 Thousand persons
- Ege 4,906 Thousand persons
- London (NUTS 2021) 4,882 Thousand persons
- South East (UK) (NUTS 2021) 4,744 Thousand persons
- Lombardia 4,692 Thousand persons
- Akdeniz 4,539 Thousand persons
- Cataluña 4,267 Thousand persons
- Andalucía 4,205 Thousand persons
- Niedersachsen 4,186 Thousand persons
- Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes 3,958 Thousand persons
- Doğu Marmara 3,862 Thousand persons
- Comunidad de Madrid 3,853 Thousand persons
- North West (UK) (NUTS 2021) 3,630 Thousand persons
- Batı Anadolu 3,578 Thousand persons
- Makroregion południowy 3,545 Thousand persons
- Rhône-Alpes 3,331 Thousand persons
- Hessen 3,297 Thousand persons
- Danmark 3,282 Thousand persons
- Vlaams Gewest 3,278 Thousand persons
- East of England (NUTS 2021) 3,187 Thousand persons
- Norge 3,039 Thousand persons
- West Midlands (UK) (NUTS 2021) 2,920 Thousand persons
- Güneydoğu Anadolu 2,918 Thousand persons
- Makroregion województwo mazowieckie 2,882 Thousand persons
- Makroregion północno-zachodni 2,880 Thousand persons