Labour force by country of birth - quarterly data by country
Countries reporting
47
Highest
43,612 Thousand persons
Germany
Lowest
237.7 Thousand persons
Iceland
Median
3,041 Thousand persons
Years covered
29
1998–2026
Data points
1,297
What the numbers show
Labour force by country of birth - quarterly data is currently reported for 47 countries. The highest value is 43,612 Thousand persons in Germany; the lowest is 237.7 Thousand persons in Iceland.
The median across all reporting countries is 3,041 Thousand persons, and the mean is 8,080 Thousand persons.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 183.
Over the past decade 36 countries rose and 11 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 58.5%), and the largest decrease in North Macedonia (down 16.0%).
Labour force by country of birth - quarterly data: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 43,612 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 2 | Türkiye | 35,200 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 33,878 Thousand persons | 2020 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 33,878 Thousand persons | 2020 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 5 | France | 32,034 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 6 | Italy | 25,915 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 7 | Spain | 25,255 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 17,754 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 2.9% | flat |
| 9 | Poland | 17,739 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 2.8% | flat |
| 10 | Netherlands | 10,244 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 11 | Netherlands | 10,231 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 12 | Romania | 8,228 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 13 | Sweden | 5,865 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 5,667 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 10.3% | flat |
| 15 | Belgium | 5,480 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 16 | Czechia | 5,467 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 17 | Switzerland | 5,113 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 18 | Hungary | 4,851 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 19 | Greece | 4,786 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 20 | Austria | 4,760 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 21 | Denmark | 3,332 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 22 | Norway | 3,083 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 23 | Serbia | 3,041 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 23 | Serbia | 3,041 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 25 | Bulgaria | 3,014 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 26 | Ireland | 2,968 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 27 | Finland | 2,936 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 28 | Slovak Republic | 2,741 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 29 | Slovakia | 2,740 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 30 | Croatia | 1,804 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 2.5% | falling |
| 31 | Croatia | 1,801 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 2.3% | falling |
| 32 | Lithuania | 1,572 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 7.5% | falling |
| 33 | Lithuania | 1,565 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 34 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,391 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 35 | Slovenia | 1,036 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 36 | Slovenia | 1,027 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 37 | Latvia | 951.7 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 38 | Latvia | 937.5 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 39 | North Macedonia | 797.9 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 16.0% | falling |
| 39 | North Macedonia | 797.9 Thousand persons | 2026 | down 16.0% | falling |
| 41 | Estonia | 740.6 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 42 | Estonia | 738.5 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 43 | Cyprus | 536.2 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 27.3% | rising |
| 44 | Luxembourg | 354 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 26.2% | rising |
| 45 | Malta | 349.6 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 58.5% | rising |
| 46 | Montenegro | 252.4 Thousand persons | 2020 | up 6.3% | rising |
| 47 | Iceland | 237.7 Thousand persons | 2026 | up 21.1% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 222,217 Thousand persons
- Euro area – 21 countries (from 2026) 176,736 Thousand persons