Job-to-job mobility of human resources in science and technology (HRST) by age by country
Countries reporting
43
Highest
786.7 Thousand
United Kingdom
Lowest
1.7 Thousand
Montenegro
Median
33.1 Thousand
Years covered
25
1996–2020
Data points
989
What the numbers show
Job-to-job mobility of human resources in science and technology (HRST) by age is currently reported for 43 countries. The highest value is 786.7 Thousand in United Kingdom; the lowest is 1.7 Thousand in Montenegro.
The median across all reporting countries is 33.1 Thousand, and the mean is 122.53 Thousand.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 463.
Over the past decade 38 countries rose and 5 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 250.0%), and the largest decrease in Montenegro (down 26.1%).
Job-to-job mobility of human resources in science and technology: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Kingdom | 786.7 Thousand | 2019 | up 73.1% | rising |
| 1 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 786.7 Thousand | 2019 | up 73.1% | rising |
| 3 | Germany | 713.7 Thousand | 2020 | up 59.8% | rising |
| 4 | France | 521.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 81.1% | rising |
| 5 | Türkiye | 339.9 Thousand | 2020 | up 106.0% | rising |
| 6 | Spain | 302.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 38.7% | flat |
| 7 | Poland | 191.4 Thousand | 2020 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 7 | Poland | 191.4 Thousand | 2020 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 9 | Netherlands | 170.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 9 | Netherlands | 170.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 11 | Italy | 160.1 Thousand | 2020 | up 18.5% | falling |
| 12 | Switzerland | 109.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 179.3% | rising |
| 13 | Belgium | 75.4 Thousand | 2020 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 68.1 Thousand | 2020 | up 64.5% | rising |
| 15 | Austria | 66.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 82.5% | rising |
| 16 | Norway | 57.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 46.6% | rising |
| 17 | Denmark | 51.9 Thousand | 2020 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 18 | Finland | 44.9 Thousand | 2020 | up 37.7% | falling |
| 19 | Hungary | 43.3 Thousand | 2020 | up 122.1% | volatile |
| 20 | Sweden | 39.4 Thousand | 2020 | up 21.2% | rising |
| 21 | Greece | 33.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 22 | Czechia | 33.1 Thousand | 2020 | down 21.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Lithuania | 29.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 71.8% | rising |
| 23 | Lithuania | 29.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 71.8% | rising |
| 25 | Serbia | 25.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 207.1% | rising |
| 26 | Croatia | 22.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 83.9% | rising |
| 26 | Croatia | 22.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 83.9% | rising |
| 28 | Romania | 18.7 Thousand | 2020 | down 19.4% | volatile |
| 29 | Slovenia | 16.3 Thousand | 2020 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 29 | Slovenia | 16.3 Thousand | 2020 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 31 | Slovakia | 16.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 32.8% | rising |
| 31 | Slovakia | 16.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 32.8% | rising |
| 33 | Bulgaria | 13.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 31.4% | falling |
| 34 | Estonia | 13.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 230.0% | rising |
| 34 | Estonia | 13.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 230.0% | rising |
| 36 | Cyprus | 12.8 Thousand | 2020 | up 68.4% | rising |
| 37 | Latvia | 9.5 Thousand | 2020 | up 21.8% | flat |
| 37 | Latvia | 9.5 Thousand | 2020 | up 21.8% | flat |
| 39 | Luxembourg | 8.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 134.3% | volatile |
| 40 | North Macedonia | 7.6 Thousand | 2020 | up 245.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Malta | 4.2 Thousand | 2020 | up 250.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Iceland | 3.5 Thousand | 2020 | up 40.0% | rising |
| 43 | Montenegro | 1.7 Thousand | 2020 | down 26.1% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020) 3,703 Thousand
- European Union - 15 countries (1995-2004) 3,234 Thousand
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 2,681 Thousand
- Euro area - 19 countries (2015-2022) 2,267 Thousand