Employment rates by migration status, citizenship and educational attainment level by country
Countries reporting
44
Highest
77.8
Iceland
Lowest
47.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Median
62.9
Years covered
5
2021–2025
Data points
230
What the numbers show
Employment rates by migration status, citizenship and educational attainment level is currently reported for 44 countries. The highest value is 77.8 in Iceland; the lowest is 47.2 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The median across all reporting countries is 62.9, and the mean is 62.99.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Employment rates by migration status, citizenship and educational: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 77.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 2 | Netherlands | 73.2 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 2 | Netherlands | 73.2 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 4 | Switzerland | 71.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 5 | Malta | 71.5 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 6 | Norway | 69.6 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 7 | Denmark | 69.3 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 8 | Sweden | 69 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 9 | Cyprus | 68.8 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 10 | Estonia | 68.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 10 | Ireland | 68.5 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 10 | Estonia | 68.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 13 | Germany | 67.6 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 14 | Czechia | 66.4 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 15 | Lithuania | 65.9 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 15 | Lithuania | 65.9 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 17 | Austria | 65.3 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 18 | Hungary | 65.2 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 19 | Latvia | 64.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 19 | Latvia | 64.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 21 | Portugal | 64.4 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 22 | Slovakia | 62.9 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 22 | Slovakia | 62.9 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 22 | Luxembourg | 62.9 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 25 | Slovenia | 62.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 25 | Slovenia | 62.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 27 | Finland | 62.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 28 | Poland | 62.3 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 28 | Poland | 62.3 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 30 | Bulgaria | 60.6 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 31 | France | 59.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 32 | Belgium | 58.8 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 33 | Spain | 58.7 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 34 | Croatia | 57.7 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 34 | Croatia | 57.7 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 36 | Serbia | 56.8 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 36 | Serbia | 56.8 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 38 | Greece | 55.9 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 39 | Italy | 54.5 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 40 | Romania | 53.5 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 41 | Türkiye | 51.4 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 50.6 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 50.6 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 44 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 47.2 | 2025 | — | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.