Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia
Europe & Central Asia: Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) was 12.7% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
Europe & Central Asia recorded 12.7% for employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in 2025. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of down 1.3% on the previous year and down 4.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia peaked at 22.8% in 1991 and was at its lowest, 12.7%, in 2025.
Europe & Central Asia ranks 23rd of 47 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 22.8% | — |
| 1992 | 22.3% | -2.3% |
| 1993 | 21.9% | -1.5% |
| 1994 | 20.8% | -5.1% |
| 1995 | 19.9% | -4.3% |
| 1996 | 19.2% | -3.7% |
| 1997 | 18.3% | -4.4% |
| 1998 | 18.1% | -1.4% |
| 1999 | 17.7% | -2.2% |
| 2000 | 17.6% | -0.5% |
| 2001 | 17.6% | +0.0% |
| 2002 | 17.4% | -1.0% |
| 2003 | 16.9% | -3.1% |
| 2004 | 16.6% | -1.4% |
| 2005 | 16.2% | -2.5% |
| 2006 | 16.0% | -1.3% |
| 2007 | 15.8% | -1.4% |
| 2008 | 15.3% | -3.2% |
| 2009 | 14.3% | -6.1% |
| 2010 | 14.2% | -1.1% |
| 2011 | 13.9% | -1.6% |
| 2012 | 13.9% | -0.3% |
| 2013 | 13.7% | -1.1% |
| 2014 | 13.6% | -1.1% |
| 2015 | 13.3% | -2.1% |
| 2016 | 13.3% | -0.3% |
| 2017 | 13.3% | +0.2% |
| 2018 | 13.3% | +0.2% |
| 2019 | 13.3% | -0.2% |
| 2020 | 13.2% | -0.5% |
| 2021 | 13.2% | -0.1% |
| 2022 | 13.1% | -0.7% |
| 2023 | 12.9% | -1.4% |
| 2024 | 12.8% | -0.5% |
| 2025 | 12.7% | -1.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 20.1% | 17.7% | 22.8% | 9 |
| 2000s | 16.4% | 14.3% | 17.6% | 10 |
| 2010s | 13.6% | 13.3% | 14.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 13.0% | 12.7% | 13.2% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia
More work & labour data for Europe & Central Asia
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 51.1% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 65.9% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 58.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 35.9% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 44.5% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 40.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 79.3% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 78.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 66.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 72.8% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia?
- Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia was 12.7% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest employment in industry, female (% of female employment) recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The highest recorded value was 22.8% in 1991.
- What is the lowest employment in industry, female (% of female employment) recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The lowest recorded value was 12.7% in 2025.
- How does Europe & Central Asia rank for employment in industry, female (% of female employment)?
- Europe & Central Asia ranks 23rd out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is employment in industry, female (% of female employment) rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 4.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).