Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category, NACE Rev. 2 activity and sex (2008-2026) by country
Countries reporting
45
Highest
22,619 Thousand persons
Germany
Lowest
88.3 Thousand persons
Montenegro
Median
1,700 Thousand persons
Years covered
18
2008–2025
Data points
811
What the numbers show
Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category, NACE Rev. 2 activity and sex (2008-2026) is currently reported for 45 countries. The highest value is 22,619 Thousand persons in Germany; the lowest is 88.3 Thousand persons in Montenegro.
The median across all reporting countries is 1,700 Thousand persons, and the mean is 4,013 Thousand persons.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 256.
Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category, NACE: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 22,619 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 19.2% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 18,485 Thousand persons | 2019 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 18,485 Thousand persons | 2019 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 4 | France | 17,232 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 27.0% | rising |
| 5 | Spain | 11,440 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 36.8% | rising |
| 6 | Türkiye | 11,224 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 69.8% | rising |
| 7 | Italy | 9,641 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 16.1% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 8,916 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 8,916 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 5,910 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 5,910 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 12 | Sweden | 3,311 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 25.7% | rising |
| 13 | Belgium | 3,110 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 33.4% | rising |
| 14 | Switzerland | 2,810 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 15 | Austria | 2,471 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 16 | Romania | 2,418 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 17 | Czechia | 2,357 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 18 | Portugal | 2,346 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 48.4% | rising |
| 19 | Hungary | 2,110 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 20 | Greece | 1,882 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 21 | Ireland | 1,766 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 61.1% | rising |
| 22 | Denmark | 1,720 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 26.1% | rising |
| 23 | Norway | 1,700 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 24 | Finland | 1,436 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 25 | Bulgaria | 1,362 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 26 | Slovakia | 1,200 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 26 | Slovakia | 1,200 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 28 | Serbia | 1,170 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 29 | Lithuania | 873.1 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 29 | Lithuania | 873.1 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 31 | Croatia | 754.1 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 31 | Croatia | 754.1 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 33 | Slovenia | 483.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 33 | Slovenia | 483.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 35 | Latvia | 451.6 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 35 | Latvia | 451.6 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 37 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 412.2 Thousand persons | 2025 | — | rising |
| 38 | Estonia | 370.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 38 | Estonia | 370.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 40 | Cyprus | 290.1 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 61.5% | rising |
| 41 | North Macedonia | 274.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 42 | Luxembourg | 230.2 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 54.1% | rising |
| 43 | Malta | 166.8 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 108.8% | rising |
| 44 | Iceland | 125 Thousand persons | 2025 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 45 | Montenegro | 88.3 Thousand persons | 2020 | up 16.6% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 106,869 Thousand persons
- Euro area – 21 countries (from 2026) 86,036 Thousand persons