Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category, NACE Rev. 2 activity and sex (2008-2026) by country
Countries reporting
47
Highest
22,619
Germany
Lowest
88.3
Montenegro
Median
1,436
Years covered
18
2008–2025
Data points
845
What the numbers show
Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category, NACE Rev. 2 activity and sex (2008-2026) is currently reported for 47 countries. The highest value is 22,619 in Germany; the lowest is 88.3 in Montenegro.
The median across all reporting countries is 1,436, and the mean is 3,873.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 256.
Employed persons in science and technology (HRST) by category … sex: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 22,619 | 2025 | up 19.2% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 18,485 | 2019 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 18,485 | 2019 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 4 | France | 17,232 | 2025 | up 27.0% | rising |
| 5 | Spain | 11,440 | 2025 | up 36.8% | rising |
| 6 | Türkiye | 11,224 | 2025 | up 69.8% | rising |
| 7 | Italy | 9,641 | 2025 | up 16.1% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 8,916 | 2025 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 8 | Poland | 8,916 | 2025 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 5,910 | 2025 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 5,910 | 2025 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 12 | Sweden | 3,311 | 2025 | up 25.7% | rising |
| 13 | Belgium | 3,110 | 2025 | up 33.4% | rising |
| 14 | Switzerland | 2,810 | 2025 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 15 | Austria | 2,471 | 2025 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 16 | Romania | 2,418 | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 17 | Czechia | 2,357 | 2025 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 18 | Portugal | 2,346 | 2025 | up 48.4% | rising |
| 19 | Hungary | 2,110 | 2025 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 20 | Greece | 1,882 | 2025 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 21 | Ireland | 1,766 | 2025 | up 61.1% | rising |
| 22 | Denmark | 1,720 | 2025 | up 26.1% | rising |
| 23 | Norway | 1,700 | 2025 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 24 | Finland | 1,436 | 2025 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 25 | Bulgaria | 1,362 | 2025 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 26 | Slovakia | 1,200 | 2025 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 26 | Slovakia | 1,200 | 2025 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 28 | Serbia | 1,170 | 2025 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 28 | Serbia | 1,170 | 2025 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 30 | Lithuania | 873.1 | 2025 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 30 | Lithuania | 873.1 | 2025 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 32 | Croatia | 754.1 | 2025 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 32 | Croatia | 754.1 | 2025 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 34 | Slovenia | 483.8 | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 34 | Slovenia | 483.8 | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 36 | Latvia | 451.6 | 2025 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 36 | Latvia | 451.6 | 2025 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 38 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 412.2 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 39 | Estonia | 370.8 | 2025 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 39 | Estonia | 370.8 | 2025 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 41 | Cyprus | 290.1 | 2025 | up 61.5% | rising |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 274.8 | 2025 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 274.8 | 2025 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 44 | Luxembourg | 235.8 | 2025 | up 57.8% | rising |
| 45 | Malta | 166.8 | 2025 | up 108.8% | rising |
| 46 | Iceland | 125 | 2025 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 47 | Montenegro | 88.3 | 2020 | up 16.6% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.