Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend
Pre-demographic dividend: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) was 72.2% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
Pre-demographic dividend recorded 72.2% for vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.3% on the previous year and down 0.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend peaked at 77.1% in 1994 and was at its lowest, 72.0%, in 2022.
That places Pre-demographic dividend 4th out of 47 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 77.0% | — |
| 1992 | 76.9% | -0.1% |
| 1993 | 77.0% | +0.1% |
| 1994 | 77.1% | +0.1% |
| 1995 | 77.0% | -0.0% |
| 1996 | 76.9% | -0.2% |
| 1997 | 76.8% | -0.2% |
| 1998 | 76.7% | -0.1% |
| 1999 | 76.6% | -0.2% |
| 2000 | 76.4% | -0.2% |
| 2001 | 76.3% | -0.2% |
| 2002 | 76.1% | -0.2% |
| 2003 | 75.9% | -0.3% |
| 2004 | 75.6% | -0.3% |
| 2005 | 75.4% | -0.3% |
| 2006 | 75.2% | -0.3% |
| 2007 | 75.0% | -0.3% |
| 2008 | 74.7% | -0.4% |
| 2009 | 74.4% | -0.4% |
| 2010 | 74.0% | -0.5% |
| 2011 | 73.7% | -0.4% |
| 2012 | 73.5% | -0.4% |
| 2013 | 73.1% | -0.5% |
| 2014 | 72.8% | -0.4% |
| 2015 | 72.6% | -0.3% |
| 2016 | 72.4% | -0.2% |
| 2017 | 72.3% | -0.2% |
| 2018 | 72.1% | -0.3% |
| 2019 | 72.0% | -0.2% |
| 2020 | 72.9% | +1.2% |
| 2021 | 72.3% | -0.8% |
| 2022 | 72.0% | -0.5% |
| 2023 | 72.6% | +0.9% |
| 2024 | 72.4% | -0.4% |
| 2025 | 72.2% | -0.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 76.9% | 76.6% | 77.1% | 9 |
| 2000s | 75.5% | 74.4% | 76.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 72.9% | 72.0% | 74.0% | 10 |
| 2020s | 72.4% | 72.0% | 72.9% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Pre-demographic dividend
- 1 Chad 90.2% compare
- 2 Sierra Leone 86.0% compare
- 3 Madagascar 84.4% compare
- 4 Ethiopia 84.1% compare
- 5 Niger 83.7% compare
- 6 Mozambique 83.7% compare
- 7 Burundi 83.7% compare
More work & labour data for Pre-demographic dividend
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 55.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 76.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 69.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 47.8% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 51.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 77.3% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 85.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 63.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 64.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 70.6% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) in Pre-demographic dividend was 72.2% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 77.1% in 1994.
- What is the lowest vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was 72.0% in 2022.
- How does Pre-demographic dividend rank for vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment)?
- Pre-demographic dividend ranks 4th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) rising or falling in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is down 0.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Pre-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 35 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.