Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend
Post-demographic dividend: Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) was 6.6% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
Post-demographic dividend recorded 6.6% for vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in 2025. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 1.2% on the previous year and down 13.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend peaked at 11.4% in 1991 and was at its lowest, 6.6%, in 2025.
Post-demographic dividend ranks 46th of 47 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 11.4% | — |
| 1992 | 11.2% | -1.3% |
| 1993 | 11.0% | -2.3% |
| 1994 | 10.8% | -1.6% |
| 1995 | 10.6% | -1.4% |
| 1996 | 10.4% | -1.9% |
| 1997 | 10.3% | -1.4% |
| 1998 | 10.0% | -3.2% |
| 1999 | 9.7% | -2.4% |
| 2000 | 9.5% | -2.8% |
| 2001 | 9.3% | -2.1% |
| 2002 | 9.1% | -2.0% |
| 2003 | 8.9% | -1.4% |
| 2004 | 8.9% | +0.0% |
| 2005 | 8.7% | -2.3% |
| 2006 | 8.5% | -2.4% |
| 2007 | 8.3% | -3.1% |
| 2008 | 8.0% | -2.7% |
| 2009 | 8.0% | -0.1% |
| 2010 | 7.9% | -1.1% |
| 2011 | 7.9% | -0.5% |
| 2012 | 7.8% | -0.5% |
| 2013 | 7.8% | -1.0% |
| 2014 | 7.8% | -0.0% |
| 2015 | 7.6% | -1.6% |
| 2016 | 7.6% | -1.2% |
| 2017 | 7.5% | -1.0% |
| 2018 | 7.4% | -1.1% |
| 2019 | 7.3% | -1.0% |
| 2020 | 7.4% | +1.3% |
| 2021 | 7.4% | -0.4% |
| 2022 | 6.8% | -7.9% |
| 2023 | 6.7% | -1.1% |
| 2024 | 6.7% | -0.1% |
| 2025 | 6.6% | -1.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 10.6% | 9.7% | 11.4% | 9 |
| 2000s | 8.7% | 8.0% | 9.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 7.7% | 7.3% | 7.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | 6.9% | 6.6% | 7.4% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Post-demographic dividend
- 43 Malawi 66.4% compare
- 44 Bangladesh 64.6% compare
- 45 Timor-Leste 64.2% compare
- 46 Myanmar 63.9% compare
- 47 Yemen 62.7% compare
- 48 Vanuatu 62.0% compare
- 49 Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 61.4% compare
More work & labour data for Post-demographic dividend
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 55.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 60.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 47.1% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 48.8% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 48.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 71.1% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 82.9% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 66.5% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 80.4% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 75.8% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend?
- Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Post-demographic dividend was 6.6% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) recorded in Post-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 11.4% in 1991.
- What is the lowest vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) recorded in Post-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was 6.6% in 2025.
- How does Post-demographic dividend rank for vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment)?
- Post-demographic dividend ranks 46th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) rising or falling in Post-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is down 13.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Post-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.