Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries): Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) was 14.9% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries), 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) recorded 14.9% for vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in 2025. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
The figure is down 0.8% on the previous year and down 16.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) peaked at 23.4% in 1998 and was at its lowest, 14.9%, in 2025.
That places Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 39th out of 47 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries), year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 20.3% | — |
| 1992 | 20.8% | +2.6% |
| 1993 | 21.0% | +1.0% |
| 1994 | 22.0% | +4.7% |
| 1995 | 22.4% | +1.9% |
| 1996 | 22.7% | +1.1% |
| 1997 | 23.2% | +2.6% |
| 1998 | 23.4% | +0.8% |
| 1999 | 23.0% | -1.7% |
| 2000 | 22.6% | -1.6% |
| 2001 | 22.9% | +1.1% |
| 2002 | 21.9% | -4.5% |
| 2003 | 21.5% | -1.5% |
| 2004 | 20.1% | -6.8% |
| 2005 | 19.5% | -2.7% |
| 2006 | 19.0% | -3.0% |
| 2007 | 18.5% | -2.5% |
| 2008 | 18.4% | -0.7% |
| 2009 | 18.7% | +1.7% |
| 2010 | 18.9% | +1.4% |
| 2011 | 19.0% | +0.3% |
| 2012 | 18.6% | -2.0% |
| 2013 | 18.5% | -0.7% |
| 2014 | 18.2% | -1.4% |
| 2015 | 17.8% | -2.1% |
| 2016 | 17.5% | -1.6% |
| 2017 | 17.1% | -2.6% |
| 2018 | 16.9% | -1.4% |
| 2019 | 16.5% | -1.9% |
| 2020 | 16.2% | -2.3% |
| 2021 | 15.9% | -1.5% |
| 2022 | 15.5% | -2.6% |
| 2023 | 15.1% | -2.3% |
| 2024 | 15.0% | -1.0% |
| 2025 | 14.9% | -0.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 22.1% | 20.3% | 23.4% | 9 |
| 2000s | 20.3% | 18.4% | 22.9% | 10 |
| 2010s | 17.9% | 16.5% | 19.0% | 10 |
| 2020s | 15.4% | 14.9% | 16.2% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
More work & labour data for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 48.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 58.1% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 29.1% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 41.8% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 35.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 60.3% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 71.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 68.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 78.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 69.2% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) was 14.9% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) recorded in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- The highest recorded value was 23.4% in 1998.
- What is the lowest vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) recorded in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- The lowest recorded value was 14.9% in 2025.
- How does Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) rank for vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment)?
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) ranks 39th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- Over the last ten years it is down 16.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.