Self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend
Pre-demographic dividend: Self-employed, female (% of female employment) was 86.7% in 2025. ▼ Falling
Self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend, 1991–2025
Source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
Analysis
In 2025, self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend stood at 86.7%. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of down 0.2% on the previous year and down 0.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend peaked at 92.0% in 1991 and was at its lowest, 86.7%, in 2025.
Pre-demographic dividend ranks 2nd of 47 groups on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 92.0% | — |
| 1992 | 91.9% | -0.1% |
| 1993 | 91.9% | -0.1% |
| 1994 | 91.8% | -0.0% |
| 1995 | 91.8% | -0.1% |
| 1996 | 91.7% | -0.1% |
| 1997 | 91.5% | -0.1% |
| 1998 | 91.4% | -0.1% |
| 1999 | 91.3% | -0.2% |
| 2000 | 91.1% | -0.2% |
| 2001 | 90.9% | -0.2% |
| 2002 | 90.7% | -0.2% |
| 2003 | 90.5% | -0.3% |
| 2004 | 90.2% | -0.3% |
| 2005 | 90.0% | -0.3% |
| 2006 | 89.8% | -0.2% |
| 2007 | 89.5% | -0.2% |
| 2008 | 89.3% | -0.2% |
| 2009 | 89.1% | -0.3% |
| 2010 | 88.8% | -0.3% |
| 2011 | 88.6% | -0.3% |
| 2012 | 88.5% | -0.2% |
| 2013 | 88.1% | -0.4% |
| 2014 | 87.8% | -0.3% |
| 2015 | 87.5% | -0.3% |
| 2016 | 87.3% | -0.2% |
| 2017 | 87.2% | -0.1% |
| 2018 | 87.0% | -0.2% |
| 2019 | 86.9% | -0.1% |
| 2020 | 87.5% | +0.7% |
| 2021 | 87.2% | -0.3% |
| 2022 | 87.0% | -0.3% |
| 2023 | 87.1% | +0.1% |
| 2024 | 86.9% | -0.2% |
| 2025 | 86.7% | -0.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 91.7% | 91.3% | 92.0% | 9 |
| 2000s | 90.1% | 89.1% | 91.1% | 10 |
| 2010s | 87.8% | 86.9% | 88.8% | 10 |
| 2020s | 87.1% | 86.7% | 87.5% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Pre-demographic dividend
- 1 Chad 96.8% compare
- 2 Niger 95.4% compare
- 3 Sierra Leone 94.8% compare
- 4 Afghanistan 93.5% compare
- 5 Mozambique 91.3% compare
More work & labour data for Pre-demographic dividend
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 47.8% (2025)
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 85.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 76.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 69.7% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 55.2% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 64.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages) 63.0% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages) 70.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 77.3% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 51.6% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Self-employed, female (% of female employment) in Pre-demographic dividend was 86.7% in 2025, according to ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO).
- What is the highest self-employed, female (% of female employment) recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 92.0% in 1991.
- What is the lowest self-employed, female (% of female employment) recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was 86.7% in 2025.
- How does Pre-demographic dividend rank for self-employed, female (% of female employment)?
- Pre-demographic dividend ranks 2nd out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is self-employed, female (% of female employment) rising or falling in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is down 0.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Pre-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), published as part of Self-employed, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.