LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe

Northern Europe: LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization was 12.76 in 2027. ▼ Falling

Latest (2027)
12.76
Change on year
up 0.1%
Rank
51st
of 87 groups
All-time high
17.52
in 2012
All-time low
11.22
in 2022
Years of data
23
2005–2027

LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe, 2005–2027

051015202005201620272005: 11.82006: 11.92007: 11.72008: 12.52009: 16.52010: 17.42011: 17.32012: 17.52013: 172014: 15.52015: 14.32016: 13.62017: 12.72018: 11.82019: 11.52020: 13.62021: 13.52022: 11.22023: 11.62024: 12.22025: 12.62026: 12.82027: 12.8

Source: International Labour Organization.

Analysis

The most recent figure for lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe is 12.76, measured in 2027.

That represents a change of up 0.1% on the previous year and up 0.8% over ten years.

Over the whole period, lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe peaked at 17.52 in 2012 and was at its lowest, 11.22, in 2022.

That places Northern Europe 51st out of 87 groups with data for 2027, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 23 years of available data.

LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe, year by year

Annual values for LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization (ILO modelled estimates) in Northern Europe, 2005 to 2027.
Year Value Change
2005 11.8 —
2006 11.88 +0.7%
2007 11.7 -1.6%
2008 12.46 +6.6%
2009 16.5 +32.4%
2010 17.44 +5.7%
2011 17.33 -0.6%
2012 17.52 +1.1%
2013 17.04 -2.7%
2014 15.47 -9.3%
2015 14.33 -7.4%
2016 13.62 -4.9%
2017 12.67 -7.0%
2018 11.78 -7.0%
2019 11.55 -2.0%
2020 13.59 +17.7%
2021 13.5 -0.6%
2022 11.22 -16.9%
2023 11.61 +3.5%
2024 12.19 +5.0%
2025 12.63 +3.6%
2026 12.75 +1.0%
2027 12.76 +0.1%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 12.87 11.7 16.5 5
2010s 14.87 11.55 17.52 10
2020s 12.53 11.22 13.59 8

More work & labour data for Northern Europe

All data for Northern Europe →

Frequently asked questions

What is lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe?
Lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe was 12.76 in 2027, according to International Labour Organization.
What is the highest lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization recorded in Northern Europe?
The highest recorded value was 17.52 in 2012.
What is the lowest lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization recorded in Northern Europe?
The lowest recorded value was 11.22 in 2022.
How does Northern Europe rank for lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization?
Northern Europe ranks 51st out of 87 groups with data for 2027.
Is lu4: composite rate of labour underutilization rising or falling in Northern Europe?
Over the last ten years it is up 0.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this Northern Europe data come from?
The figures come from International Labour Organization, published as part of LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization (ILO modelled estimates). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization in Northern Europe. Statizoid, drawing on International Labour Organization. Retrieved 27 September 2026, from https://labour.statizoid.com/stat/lu4-composite-rate-of-labour-underutilization-ilo-modelled-estimates/northern-europe/

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About this data

Indicator
LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization (ILO modelled estimates)
Source
International Labour Organization
Licence
ILO Terms of Use (attribution required)
Coverage
87 places, 2,001 data points, 2005–2027
Last refreshed

Imputed observations are not based on national data, are subject to high uncertainty and should not be used for country comparisons or rankings. This series is based on the 13th ICLS definitions. LU4 represents the share of the extended labour force that are in unemployment, time-related underemployment or the potential labour force. For more information, refer to the ILO Modelled Estimates (ILOEST) database description.